How Turbochargers Work

So this video is going to inform you of how a turbo charger works and the components needed for a turbocharger system So. . .

here's what happens Now, we know in our engine cycle that at the end we're going to force out exhaust gases So these exhaust gases are fed out through some piping into this turbine called a turbocharger Which what happens here is that these exhaust gases spin the turbine, and this turbine is connected by a shaft. . .

(we can represent that right here) connected to another turbine which is sucking in outside air as it spins this outside air is forced in and it's going to be pressurized now so it's not just atmospheric pressure that you're putting into the engine, you're forcing in more air. So we call that boost so this air is forced in, now what happens when you're forcing in a greater amount of air is when you add pressure, you also add heat and you don't want to add already hot air into the engine, so you're gonna pass this air through an intercooler. now, this is just a bunch of coils, some of them use a liquid system, but most of them are air-based and it'll pass through some coils and that will cool down the air.

this cool air, then travels through the intake manifold and that will come into your engine chamber now, there are some things that people have added in to make this more feasible so we've got two things here now, the Blow-Off Valve, and we've got a wastegate now, when you have exhaust gases coming through, and you don't want to reach, say--8psi--so you set a limit on your wastegate at 8psi, and what happens when this turbine spinning here realizes that the air sucking in is going to be forced in at 8psi it'll open up this wastegate this wastegate will allow this air that's going into the exhaust turbine to feed out through the exhaust instead of creating more boost. So that helps on this side now, on the other hand every time you let go of the ignition, you're going to have boost inside of this intake manifold that you can't use. So what happens is you'll shut off the throttle, this intake valve will close, and you've got all this pressurized air that's wanting to go into this cylinder so because it's got no where to go, you get a Blow-Off valve which will let that air escape.

Now how this works is once you get to the PSI that you set at, say you'll have a spring that at 6psi, it'll let air out. so you're revving up high in your car, you let go of the gas, and this throttle plate closes, and then all this air is being forced into here and it reaches 6 psi, well this spring lifts up and it lets the air out and you'll hear a hissing sound, that's what that is when you let off the throttle plate is this Blow-Off valve letting out air so, those are the main four components.