♫ Music Introduction ♫ Hello! Welcome to your first class of the course of HTML5. My name is Gustavo Guanabara, I am your teacher And this first class, we'll start with a very conceptual thing We will understand the following: how the Internet were created and how it evolved to get to what we have today.
To you get started learning HTML you need to have a notion, besides the construction of the website, on how the Internet works You will have to understand how servers work. In the next lessons, you'll learn things like: how a server works, how DNS server works, how the Internet works. But now, you will understand how did this network you're using now, even to watch this video.
So follow me to the Internet's history. Ah! Internet!
No, no, wait a minute. Ah! Internet!
A lot better, right? Internet. .
. Do you have any idea of how huge is this network? Do you realize that the data arrive at your home?
How do they travel through world? How do they arrive to your house? How are you watching this video?
All this is because of a huge network called the Internet. But you know how it all came about? Everything in life has its Big Bang, Everything in life has its beginning and the Internet, begins in human communication as I often say to my students, thanks God, the human being is never satisfied and always try to create new things you should have seen previously in some book or history lesson that a long time ago the human being communicated to each other by drawings made in the cave this was a way of communication, but it was very limited because it required that humans were in that cave to see these messages with the development of the human being languages were created, but this physical limitation was very large people to communicate, should be in the same place Another thing you may have seen in cartoons or even a history lesson It is the distance communication which basically emerged with Indians who communicated through smoke signals.
However, the distance communication evolved a lot when Samuel Morse in 1835 created the telegraph. The Telegraph, was a device he created to communicate at a distance so he could send messages kilometers away. Of course these messages were not words, but symbols.
So Samuel Morse also had to create the morse code which were represented by lines and dots. The evolution of communication, also had other very important people Such as Claude Shannon who is the father of the Information Theory Harry Nyquist, who created many theories for data transmission and Ralph Hartley, who also had great importance in this area, creating the oscillator theory. So far, so good.
Wait a minute, I'll be right back. I don't know if you noticed, but the place I'm recording is pretty cool right? Here is the studio Hostnet, one of the sponsors of this course.
Another company that is also helping to bring the HTML course for you is the Toy Show It sells one of the things I like and, of course, you do too. Action Figures, here I have Homer Simpson. Now you're seeing the detail of this piece Homer Simpson holding a Duff, remote control and celebrating something that happened.
It is very perfect! It is an official product that Toy Show is bringing here to show you at the HTML course Interested access the website that is appearing on the screen and also guarantees your Homer Simpson. So that's it, thanks Toy Show.
I'll leave the Homer here. So we can continue. So we were in 1950, talking about important people for creation of distance communication Still at that time, just before the 1950s, In 1945, computers were very large equipment, very heavy This, for example, which is appearing on the screen is the Eniac which was at the University of Pennsylvania.
This part you are seeing is just the input panel where programmers insert data on the computer. This computer had no monitors, the data displayed in illuminated panels These computers were like the caves were in a specific place and for anyone who needed to use the data from this computer she should have access to that location The main reason for this was its large size With the evolution of information technology in 1959, for example there were already smaller computers, as example this one, the IBM 1401. What you are seeing is the whole computer It was already possible to move this machine from one place to the other, even if it was a little difficult.
But one of the main inventions that allowed distance communication emerged in 1969 with DARPA. DARPA was a national defense agency created by the US Army for creating technologies during the Cold War The idea was that the computer data that were military bases, were protected for this, DARPA had government money and with the knowledge of university One of the universities that helped a lot on creating this data network was the UCLA, University of California Initially, the first mission of DARPA, was to do the following: Connecting these four points that you see on the map. They created a network called ARPANET, that connected 4 different computers: A SDS Sigmar 7 at the University of Califorinia, an SDS 90, at Stanford University, IBM 370-75 that was in the Los Angeles' math center, and PDP Dec 10 that was on a military base in Utah.
As you can see, They're 4 completely different computers, they couldn't talk to each other. The first task was to create a protocol that would be a kind of unique language that the 4 machines would speak. It was created then the NCP protocol, which allowed this task to be performed.
At that time, the NCP had some protocols that we still use today, such as FTP for file transmission and DNS for identification of machines in the network. Another thing that came up at that time, and it's quite interesting, came up with this researcher, Ray Tomlinson He modified some programs of the time and created a system to send electronic messages, and baptized this technology of e-mail. So if you can now send e-mails, it is because to this person appearing on your screen, Ray Tomlinson.
He was the one who selected the character @ (at sign) to separate the user's name from the server's name. Another very important person is Robert Kahn. It was essential when the NCP It's that protocol I had spoken earlier, began to have some problems from the time in which many other machines were added Robert Kahn had created a new protocol called Transfer Control Protocol or TCP.
This protocol treated the data in a different way: breaking them into packages. Robert Kahm was also responsible for creating a valuable term: Internetting. It was used to represent networks that communicate with each other.
This term, later was used to change the name ARPANET to Internet However, the TCP protocol performed well transfers, but could not handle the identification of machines. Vint Cerf came and created a very important protocol Internetwork Protocol, or IP. With the addition of the creations of Robert Kahn and Vint Cerf It created the most famous set of protocols in the world TCP / IP.
This set of protocols allowed a huge increase in the number of machines who were part of the network. You saw that in the beginning of Arpanet's history, the network was small with only 4 points. In 1977, the size of the network was already absurd and TCP / IP could handle the job.
At the time when the network started to become chaotic, the US government and the military would no longer take care of it, arises then, the name Internet. And the Internet today is more than what you're seeing on the screen. In 2004, the network already had this situation.
And then you might be wondering. . .
As these colored lines are represented in the data communication? The most obvious answer is through satellite communication systems. But these lines that you see on the screen are cables.
YES! submarine cables. As an example, I brought some pictures This one, for example, shows the workers unwinding some of the cable which will be submerged for communication of a data network.
This other shows a diver doing maintenance on one of these cables. And it's thanks to all this technology we have the Internet which is so famous today. That's it, the Internet has emerged of an invention that had in the 1970s because of the war to communicate servers that were on military bases.
Today, this network is no longer military for a long time. But all the inventions that have since that time Were very important to have the Internet as we have today. And speaking of the Internet, I will introduce another company that believed in HTML course: The Hostnet!
The Hostnet Rio is a company that has over 10 years of market and that brings you one of the best hosting service you know. Visit the website www. hostnet.
com. br and take a look at the services. On the main page, you have several videos produced by me that will show you several important concepts such as domain and hosting, Cloud Computing, email security and much more.
Here, you will be able to choose a plan And put your website in one of the best web hosting companies. Then we've arrived to the Internet we have today. However .
. . Let's go back in time, and we go to 1980.
This guy which is appearing on the screen Is Timothy John Berners-Lee or. . .
Tim Berners-Lee. Tim Berners-Lee is physical and in 1980 worked at CERN The European Organization for Nuclear Research I don't know if you noticed the CERN name but a few years ago in 2008, he was responsible for creating the LHC which was a much discussed machine at the time. But the LHC, has nothing to do with the creation of Tim Berners-Lee.
That's another story. Tim Berners-Lee participated in a project called: Enquire. This project aimed to create hyper-texts In 1990 Tim Berners-Lee took the concept of hypertext which states: The texts, images, sounds, and any kind of multimedia content.
At that time, Tim had all ideas but didn't know where to apply them. Then he came into contact with the TCP / IP protocols. And he saw that multimedia content could be transmitted over the network.
For this. . .
created a new protocol: The HTTP, Which is HyperText Transfer Protocol. Along with HTTP also created a language for creating hypertext content . .
. HTML. And not satisfied with that, created a concept that is widely used today .
. . the World Wide Web encompassing all multimedia content servers that uses the HTTP protocol.
Then comes the object of our study. . .
HTML. In 1990, the first version was very simple and very limited. And the next thing that we will study is the evolution of HTML, But that is something.
. . to another class.
(To be continued) So that's it. . .
now you know how the internet came along, and how the HTML was born. In the next lesson, you will see how the HTML has evolved, until version 5, which is the one we'll study in this course. Be sure to follow all classes, subscribing by clicking on this button.
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