[Music] which is the hardest word to translate in this sentence no is easy to translate pep rally doesn't have a direct analog in a lot of languages and cultures but can be approximated but the hardest word there is actually one of the smallest you as simple as it seems it's often impossible to accurately translate you without knowing a lot more about the situation where it's being said to start with how familiar are you with the person you're talking to many cultures have different levels of formality a close friend someone much older or much younger a
stranger a boss these all may be slightly different use in many languages the pronoun reflects these differences through what's known as the t.v distinction in French for example you would say to when talking to your friend at school but boo when addressing your teacher even English once had something similar remember the old timey thou ironically it was actually the informal pronoun for people you're close with while you was the formal and polite version that distinction was lost when the English decided to just be polite all the time but the difficulty in translating you doesn't end
there in languages like hausa or karana the you form depends on the listeners gender in many more it depends on whether they are one or many such as with Germans do for ear even in English some dialects use words like y'all or use the same way some plural forms like the French vu and Russian VIP are also used for a single person to show that the addressee is that much more important much like the Royal we and a few languages even have a specific form for addressing exactly two people like Slovenian Viva if that wasn't
complicated enough formality number and gender can all come into play at the same time in Spanish two is unisex informal singular who said is unisex formal singular vosotros is masculine informal plural vosotros is feminine informal plural and usted s is the unisex formal plural who after all that it may come as a relief that some languages often leave out the second person pronoun in languages like Romanian and Portuguese the pronoun can be dropped from sentences because it's clearly implied by the way the verbs are conjugated and in languages like korean thai and chinese pronouns can
be dropped without any grammatical hints speakers often would rather have the listener guess the pronoun from context then use the wrong one and risk being seen as rude so if you're ever working as a translator and come across this sentence without any context you and you now not you you your job is to translate you for yourselves well good luck and to the volunteer community who will be translating this video into multiple languages ah sorry about that [Music]