what is up everybody welcome back to my main Channel why am I wearing a turt on NE in Dubai because because I can so I have a bachelor of psychological science from the University of New South Wales which is one of the top 20 universities in the world and a top three University in Australia and this video is going to cover Core Concepts key theories and real life applications you know what I did I got all my notes and I put it into chat GPT and I was like y summarize all of my notes from
University if I've covered in detail something we've talked about in this video in another video I'm just going to link it and not go into it okay so psychology is the study of how humans think feel and behave there are five main approaches we have number one the biological approach because our Behavior can be linked to our brain of course neurotransmitters and genetics so with the biological approach if someone has depression you would say they have depression because of low serotonin levels but in the cognitive approach you may say that someone has depression because of
their negative patterns of thinking and the cognitive approach focuses on how we think remember and solve problems we then have the behavioral approach you guys have probably heard of Pavlov before Pavlov's experiments where he can condition a dog to salivate just by ringing a bell because the dog is conditioned to associate the bell ringing with food so the behavioral approach is therefore not focused on thoughts it's focused on learning and our environment we then have the psychodynamic approach which is Sigman Freud Freud's idea that our unconscious desires and childhood experiences shape our behavior and lastly
we have the humanistic approach which focuses on self-growth Free Will and personal potential that is your introduction to psychology literally lecture one done number two we would be going into research methods which is so [ __ ] boring and you guys don't need to know about experiments correlational studies how to conduct these I do however I want to talk about the scientific method this this is the scientific method you form an hypothesis test the hypothesis using experiments and then you analyze the data and you draw conclusions and you share the findings and this is ongoing
whenever you're reading a research paper you need to look at the scientific method have there been previous hypotheses that have been tested and replicated and studied to support your hypothesis you want to have background research already that have been tested through the scientific method by other researchers the biological basis of behavior we're going to spend a few minutes on this because it's interesting well no it's interesting and boring okay so the brain the brain is divided into loes we have the frontal lobe you know what they say mature is at the age of 25 um
and later on for men but it's related to decision making planning and personality we have the peral loobe which processes touch and sensory information the temporal loobe responsible for hearing and memory aital loobe it processes our visual information and then we have key structures like can they shut the [ __ ] up oh my god dude that actually ruining my video right now be quiet okay then we have the hippocampus which is critical for memory formation the Amela fear and anger the hypothalamus which regulates our hunger thirst and hormones we have a central nervous system
brain and spinal cord peripheral nervous system connects the central nervous system to the rest of the body the autonomic nervous system consists of the sympathetic and the parasympathetic nervous system sympathetic activates fight or flight responses for example if you're scared your heart is going to race and the parasympathetic is what's going to restor restore calm so once danger passes your breathing is going to slow down and you can chill out a little bit that is the parasympathetic nerve system neurotransmitters dopamine motivation and reward serotonin mood regulation Gaba I don't even remember that calms the brain
SATA choline learning and memory boring let's move on De developmental psychology how humans grow and change throughout our life this is pretty interesting and we can actually make another video on this on the second channel so I won't go too much into it but this is where we're going into stages of psychosocial development in early childhood um attachment Styles nature verse Neal that's why guys if you didn't develop well you might be a little [ __ ] up today you might have trouble in relationships you might be pushing and pulling one minute closed next minute
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old If the child is being neglected by the parent the child then believes oh I can't really trust adults then that that need is not met and as you can see here every single stage we have a new conflict to overcome so autonomy versus shame and doubt if the child doesn't believe that they have autonomy between 1 and 3 years old as they grow older it might be difficult for them to have an internal locus of control and internal locus believes that you're responsible for your life these are the people who are more likely to
go and succeed because if you have an external locus who going to blame everyone around you and you just believe that nothing's in your control we can then go into the P stage of cognitive development sensory motor birth to 2 years old we learn through our sensus pre-operational true to 7 years old we start to use symbols but we think egocentrically and then concrete operational 7 to 11 years old logical thinking starts to develop are you guys bored I'm bored and then formal operational is 12 plus years and that's when our abstract thinking begins boring
let's go into something interesting attachment Theory I just made a whole video on this on the second Channel quick recap attachment theory is essentially how we bond to others so we have secure attachment which means your parents did not neglect you you bond in a very healthy way to people and then we have avoidant attachment avoidant attachment is actually broken up into two different types we have a dismissive avoidant and a fearful avoidant and a fearful avoidant is made up of the fourth type of attachment style which is an anxious so if you are one
of the avoidance it means you didn't get what you needed from your parent they probably neglected you also probably encouraged you to not deal with your emotions so that leads to you probably dismissing your own emotions and others you have difficulty bonding with people cuz you value hyper Independence you're worried that other people are going to hurt you you feel very caged in in relationships and you value Freedom ultimately um avoidance are the most difficult attachment style to deal with and lastly we have anxious anxious attachment means one day your parent probably gave you love
and comforted you the next they didn't so you're constantly looking for approval and you're always having a fear of Abandonment from people go watch the other video guys and then nature versus nurture so they say it's 50% nature 50% nurture which means the environment in which you grew up in is going to greatly shape you so you might have your genetics working against you like maybe your genetics are saying that you're lazy you're not entrepreneurial but your parents have shaped you in such a way to become that way so you still can overcome that those
genetics to have high discipline and have these components of what makes a great entrepreneur for example now let's get into cognitive psychology cognitive psychology focuses on how we perceive think and remember it's all about understanding the software of our brain how do we process information we have sensation versus perception sensation is just like light hitting your eyes and then perception is how our brain is going to interpret this so my brain might go that light is too bright it's interpreting the sensory information then we have memory shortterm memory which is like 10 to 30 seconds
work working memory like doing maths and then we have our long-term memory which which is explicit conscious facts and events remembering your F friend's birthday and then we have imp and unconscious which is skills and habits like riding a bike so how do we forget there's something called The eban house's forgetting curve I'm tired which means we forget most information within 24 hours unless we recall it and there's also the what is it called the primary and recency effect we're going to remember the beginning of the book and the end interference can also affect our
memory which means New or Old information can block recall you forget your recent password because you just made a new one or the other way around also memory is failable it can't really be trusted you can recall information completely incorrectly and think it's right so that's why I encourage writing every single thing down cuz also every time we retell a story We retell a memory it can warp it a little bit so for problem solving in decision making humans use two main methods we have algorithms which are step-by-step logical processes like solving a math problem
with a formula and then we have heuristics which are mental shortcuts that save time but can lead to errors like choosing a product based on brand recognition or over quality in our own research we also have cognitive biases we have two of them um cognitive biases are errors in our thinking essentially we have confirmation bias which is only looking for evidence that supports your belief we're all guilty of it that's where the ego comes in as well the ego is trying to protect our beliefs and our selves then we have the availability here jistic which
is judging how common something is based on how easily you can remember examples like you might think plain crashes are very common because they're in the news Okay social psychology social psychology explores how people influenced and not influenced by other people we have group dynamics people behaving differently in groups essentially Conformity adapting your behavior to match the group to fit in we have obedience following orders even if they go against your values then we have social roles people adopt Behavior based on what you expect of them in a group setting as well for example in
the Stanford Prison Experiment the guards in the experiment actually became abusive and the prisoners became submissive because that is what was expected of them Prejudice and stereotypes Prejudice negative feelings towards a group like racism stereotypes oversimplified beliefs all artists are messy ingroup versus outgroup bias favoring your own ingroup while discriminating against others out groups for example sport fans cheering for their own team but booing their rival team guys I can't believe I'm literally giving you my entire degree okay attribution theories how we interpret other people's behaviors this is super important so internal attributes mean you're
blaming someone's personality she's rude to me because she's a bad person you have external attributions which are more healthy blaming the situation she is rude because she's stressed out today and then we have fundamental attribution error which means you're overemphasizing personality and underemphasizing the situation for example if someone CAU cut you off in traffic you might say they cut me off at because they're a bad driver and not because they're rushing to hospital social influence how other people change your behavior reciprocity feeling obligated to return favors scarcity wanting something cuz it's rare which they use
in marketing a lot three Authority trusting people in positions of power for example you might actually trust me more in this video because I have a degree by Stander effect the more people are present the less likely someone is to help here's a good tip if you are in trouble guys people are less likely to help you simply because they have bystander effect so what you do is you need to call someone out you need to be like you in the green shirt over there call 911 okay personality psychology psychoanalytic theory Freud this is one
major Theory let's get into it basically Freud says that our personality has three parts we have the ID which is our instinctual desires like hunger and sex we have the ego which is the rational part that balances the ID and reality and then we have our super ego which is our moral conscience and the unconscious mind influences our Behavior that's why they say Freud and slith is essentially revealing your hidden inner thoughts we then have trait theories which is which is like the Big Five personality traits otherwise known as ocean openness Consciousness extroversion agreeableness and
neuroticism so we don't actually talk about the 16 personalities test in psychology they always tell you to do the big five which is what we just talked about because this remains very consistent over our life and it does not change too much we then have humanistic Theory Cole Rogers people thrive when given unconditional positive regard and then maso's hierarchy of needs which we all know and self-actualization is the highest goal I'm not going to get into abnormal psychology cuz I think this generation is pretty well versed on anxiety depression mood disorders whatever yeah guys that
is it in my opinion how good I am at Psychology is not from University I mean it gives you like the foundations of Simply research but it's not enough that's why it's so difficult to find a good therapist because a lot of it is just you know and your own experience so if you guys are interested in doing psychology what I'm going to say is don't do it unless you want to be a therapist because or a psychologist or a psychiatrist cuz everything else you can learn by yourself anyways guys I hope you enjoyed this
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