What Lactate is & What it ACTUALLY does: 25 Min Phys

welcome back to 25 minute physiology in this series will be able to tackle some of your most interesting and exciting physiological topics and do it a lot more depth than your smaller five-minute series so if you want to one of the five minute videos those exciting you a little bit but you kind of want to know more or hear more details about what's going on or are seeing a different light that's why I made the 25 minute series and this particular election really talk about lactate metabolism so sit back and enjoy let's get started with

lactic now it's much easier to interpret some of these things especially for most you who I actually don't have any background in chemistry which is OK is exactly why I am making this video in OC that do I'm sure you're gonna actually liked it so it's much easier to understand these things if you see them and that's why I do this with this screencast animations and little characters and cartoons for you to help you visualize was actually happening with lactate metabolism was going to jump right into it so we have to understand is lacking is

a byproduct of anaerobic metabolism this means is being generated from the metabolism of glucose or sugar or carbohydrate just for the record the same word basis thing if we look at the chemical structure heard the name of that fact there for that matter fact of carbohydrate is caramel hydrate this means it is a carbon molecule that has been hydrated so essentially a carbon that has h2o attached to it as well the chemical formula for a carbohydrate is C 68 1206 in other words six carbons and six walks glucose comes in at six carbon chain even

see your remarks are cartoon 123456 those six carbons are are gone and Shane there now women go through the process of anaerobic glycolysis or simply to lyse were break apart in Glencoe course referring to look like also we split their six carbon molecule in 223 carbon molecules called those carbons are those molecules pyruvate ok now for those bug him as an inside job there is a lot more details whenever you split atoms from their bond you take some energy to split the atom apart but then it gives awesome energy now that response than that overall

balance can be positive or negative in other words the reaction component there can either give off energy or can be a net requiring of energy in this particular case in the in regard to human skeletal muscle physiology particular with exercise this particular reaction is exerted on an already gives off energy so it takes a little bit energy right here so we're here so the bond between 3rd and 4th carbon for example the carbon split we had to put some energy into that system we pop that module into separate molecules it does give off some energy

you know which is why you see this little molecule over here in the corner ATP ok ATP is the energy currency through all the tabs and for all of biology doesn't matter he's not okay so that's what we're looking to get his ETP Michael so we go through glycolysis we invest in a little bit of ATP gay no more so in a little bit positive but your body is working a little bit positive it wants being positive so we can see here's this is not the big picture the idea is not to generate Peru paid

well it is but there's not a general ed P right here we want to do is convert I really do something else which gives us real GDP but that requires aerobic metabolism is start to begin or help you understand the relationship between the anaerobic and aerobic metabolism for some reason people think these are opposing or you have one of the other ones bad for the other one focus on how rosa canina root works these things are lined up next to each other one directly helps the other than beneficial complimentary so now we created a roommate

we have to figure out how do we deal with it well what we do with I really depends entirely on one thing what do our own two levels if we have sufficient amounts of CO 2 available to take this pyruvate we ship it into the mitochondria anytime you hear mitochondria this is a special woman who made most of the energy in our cells this is true again I'm animals other humans on human doesn't matter anymore organism factors can be using a tiny oxidation or a row nick is the same basic idea that we're having the

use oxygen ever having to do this in my only option for location for a lil take this ship it into the mitochondria like you can see here this red little blobby thing and looking into these two little ass killers now it doesn't matter what they mean and and i know im getting you deep into some chemistry here but hold on tight big picture now is going to help you understand what really is so he followed with me here so we made ourselves going molecules now each one of these molecules gonna get has been through some

folks will call the citric acid cycle or the TCA is kind of a big fancy generating some staffers EDC the electron transport chain but the point is that this is what we're really working for now this image is actually a bit deceiving because the ATP molecule here should be like 10 times one here because we generate maybe two three four ATP here but out here is going to be something like 10 or 20 times the amount of ATP created here then we created from simply anaerobic glycolysis so we can think of this again as the

fact that we're not really trying to generate ATP Rome anaerobic glycolysis we're really trying to generate pyruvate so we can generate a still we can go through this citric acid cycle that's really what we're trying to get out and the reason 02 or accident is so important here is because of what's happening with these carbons see how to understand the six carbon carbon thing so we go back to the beginning Miller glucose carbon chain you could split into three carbon molecules can we call those pyruvate each one of those payroll then converted and asked but

the asked to call a only have two carbs so we have to understand what happened to work hartmans here because it was everything about your body in a comment violates our rules you don't kill me but I guess the basic understanding your body's not going to generate or give up a little break up on break in general Adams wanna break from the molecule must have something better to go too well in this particular case if you have free floating carbon around in your body is going to function like your body is not going to put

itself in an environment enzymes and other things don't function in an extra set of eyes look I know we need irregardless of the week and go through the cracks but I'm only going to do that if there's something around 90 bond with the car and that happens to be 02 so when you start generating much of pyruvate what do you do when you start firing you trying to bring in air most of what's in their number one concern right now that skin areas oxygen you take a deep breath you bring in 02 the o2 then

binds with this extra carbon that gives you a little bit of energy to make some idiots but the point is you generate this commonality site you then go read the carbon dioxide out his waist so too was brought in a natural carbon that was from sugar and CEO 2002 in co2 apt in fact if you look closely here at the TCA cycle website you see there for every turn the Krebs cycle you generate 20 sites so let's put this whole thing together you start with the six carbon who comes against split into two separate three

carbon by rubies each pirate Vegas Convention in asked to go away you go from 23 car modules to 22 carbon molecules so we have one oxide burnt here we have one carbon dioxide that would be over here if I put it on the fear then this message is sent through the cycle and each arm burns 12 carbon dioxide and this one will go through and burn 12 carbon dioxide so we start with the six carbon molecules neend with no carbons a bunch of ATP and its fine and dandy if we've got a lot of them

to around but when you start doing high intensity exhaustive exercise you start generating too much my roommate when the animal to do you have that can handle I think this way you generate you're going to enter a metabolism in the local exercising muscles so again you're running up a hill as fast as you can you start burning and generally lactating your hamstrings and quads and blues right you have to though because the ship in those muscles happening in that exercising but the oxygen the you use comes from the ex outside so I have to breathe

in oxygen transport us through my body get through my lungs get into my bloodstream transport into muscle and then you can take care of this is simply too slow I'll be sharing way too much because I'm going to need energy way too fast as I have to go to our body has to come up with the separate system that allows us to handle this well stick with me here this is a basic happens you take power roommate he started catching a hydrogen protons now hydrogen is advanced doing anything protons changeable here you have to understand

about hydrogen and it is free floating around in the world it's called acid and that's what it means Phu for the term potential hydrogen I saw them in the high pH pH is a basic was there for potential hydrogen which means a bunch of 300 mins needs a bunch of acid so here's a body says you're generating much about it very much of hydrogen and fast enough to go through metabolism so we'll start attaching is hydrogen ions to Paris when we do that we have a special now call it liked it that will actually is

is it simply a pair Ruby and holding on to higher so now feeling this way is likely causing fatigue question is lactate causing you to be tire is that it's fall 2010 the gym next after a hard workout because I'm sore like a morgue lactic acid oh well not only is that not true but lacked it's not causing you to be in the first place and it's doing what we call acting as a buffer it is stopping you from becoming sick because it is holding on to what would otherwise be free asset so it is

stopping you from becoming another thing it does is an actual you'll remember that is basically a que hora de prix digester debris broken down sugar molecule all I have to do is get rid of this pesky hydrogen not just jumping into the system would be a sitting in the area but I can find some way to handle hydrogen I had just converted myself back into power routing which is an excellent view source I mean once and pyruvate if we can ship it to mitochondria were off and running to the Krebs cycle we generated a bunch

of ATP so we can come up with a way to get that hydrogen off of it we're gonna have a very very potent fuel source so how do we handle this hydrogen so we can get lactate into fuel for the answer is there you go again damn turns out not only is action played very well in Carbondale plays very well with hydrogen fact if I bring in a couple of hydrogen since taking on an oxygen molecule I get myself and the words right now perfect chemistry but this is a victim was showing you what's happening

once I start generating a lackluster increase in trying to bring in oxygen so I can handle some of that hydrogen into water h2o be back into pyruvate now we can do this in a bunch of different ways if I can do it directly in the cell itself allowed to talk about more than just second the third thing in the third important aspect of black to give him my number one thing above her number two of being a fuel is it acts like a whore Mar fact you can take a look at dr. George Brooks he's

done a lot of his work in focusing on research his research on black paper probably the last three or more years but he's he's recognized the fact that black teen is an important signaling molecule in wall communicate with the cell in one community with other tissues throughout the body is something that communicates with other tissue very very important in that perhaps a separate video showing you the importance of it as a home for now I actually want to talk to you can actually read the stuff if you want more on the podcast I know pretty

recently with doctor on a Patrick on her platform not found my fitness stuff when they talk a little bit about this stuff but I don't think they certainly didn't do it this beginner level and they weren't as focused on this topic so you can check out there are read by his papers I know he's given tons of presentations years you to check out let's talk about using that as a fuel so one of the things we can do with it ship it to not exercising muscle fibers directly in the actual exercising muscle what I need

is this so say for example my hamstring is is burning it's on fire and Jerry bunch of lactate in my hands very well we're not actually using all the muscle fibers in my hands right now there's a thing called the size principle of your fibers are activated at the same time not all activated your absolute maximum protection that's probably not happening there are some fibers and they're probably the arrow early enrollment these loans which the oxidative fibers that even if they are act you've got more capillaries and a lot more mitochondria and much more likely

they will handle the last stage and they're gonna say hey look you've got a bunch of basically pre-register carbohydrate floating around we can take it because we have a lot of free money congress were not bound behind like you guys bring a lot of free oxygen won't take the oxen combined is the hydrogen make water and they now do this right if your calls to this works as I use with my college students all the time if you're not you can see probably relate to time in your life when maybe finances work so that time

in your life when basically walking to my class and Afghan AK can just imagine is your favorite type of cake ever double chocolate ice cream with whatever you're looking entirely 31 cash and in really deep in the French long and half in a little bit more in the core well if you're probably say hey you know what the hell that I'm taking that keiko just cut the multi-part off throw that away and I got free shipping they were some people maybe if you're not in the college lifestyle anymore you're like gotten more done any part

of your body is kind of like that calls you look like garbage I C three pyruvate with a little bit of garbage the corner I'll just cut that off really quick don't that in the water and move on as pyruvate I'll take that paper made a run right back into my brain mitochondria and we will be looking at that time and 380 if we don't ship it to another muscle fiber another must entirely right so we generate hands from the ship it to the shoulder a finger tips of the toes of the Neckar somewhere we

can also ship it to a different muscle called our heart time and that's why hasn't gained mainstream public attention when this is not new information but the heart is called the ultimate slow twitch fibers extremely oxidative you more so it can handle acting no problem make it back and sugar another we're very well known place to handle black tape is the litter so this is a process called Genesis me formation or so this is your first the creation of glucose from an ongoing in this case will take lactaid and specifically to three car bombs will

take to lactate smashing together and make a new number is probably as glycogen until we needed and we can put it into the blood as and deliver has a bunch of reasons why you should do that to one of its main rate properties in terms this context of the Liberty ways is to maintain blood sugar gets low you can get a little bit as into the bloodstream and probably most exciting is the brain now most folks don't realizes this is where it gets really exciting and generate a lot of interest when I was four years

we've been teaching undergraduates and graduates your brain can only use glucose sugar can well turns out and your brain and for that matter mater red blood cells or neurons are all general acted they're all pretty much functioning only anaerobically as a fuel source but as a result of that when you make a used actually produced and taking the point of of our brain so we've got our brain that primarily use fuel but of course we've known for a long time to get decades it things like ketone bodies that can be used as well but now

that you understand that a lactaid is actually just everyday just under a half broken down molecule of glucose of course we can use acting as a fuel source in our brain as well as your brain lactate as a fuel so in fact going back to Dr Brooks work if I told you right now and i sat on exercising bike and I give you idea your right arm and i in that i'd give you enough supply supply of lactic your body would take the lactate because it again you don't have to invest in the beginning we

talked to him when I break down glucose into pyruvate I do get some energy but it does cost energy in the system will likely has the same energy output the energy requirement to make and sell my net balance is much higher it's much more energetically favorable ok so your brain is going to look like it's coming at the same time glucose is coming in because all of Austin's oxygen is realization lactate is critical to brain break the taboo is really really important for healthy and I'm not going to bust down the treatment of life arranging

things like that but if you think about it and we've known for years that someone who exercises especially someone does high-intensity exercise they haven't proved memory he can help with treatment of depression during finals week you score better on your exams helps you remember things when you study the connection now certainly it's multi-faceted by one of probably contributing to the effect that you were literally fueling your brain better people talk about you know carbohydrate loading for your muscles and replenishing making sure that stopped off but we forget you need as well they're actually need to

produce metabolism is well it can't just take sugar making to be into the same things going on there that you know if I can get all this energy to your system to your brain and houses a sugar in a predestined her pre metabolize I should say fashion function I think that some of the more exciting aspects of lactate hopefully this video helps you learn will hopefully the animations created that took me like a hundred hours to create visualizing I'm excited looking for the future of lactate metabolism hopefully they will have to come back and add

some more things but what I need some help from you know hopefully I want to continue doing things like this I think its bonds important information so couple of a machine you get out on the social media Twitter and Instagram and dr. any company here and let me know any questions you have about this let's continue the dialogue help people learn educate most important the fire people to be smarter spend more time with education so questions you have up there also a second thing from you and that is what he wants the next to let

me know I wanna come a much different topics nutrition exercise X his movements coaching only saying so what are you most excited about learning next what can I do for you and you can check me out here you can also check out my new website dot com there feel free to share the same around pass and I'll need to get this in as many people as possible so we can start educating everyone liked it really is and the importance of exercising thanks for now