Why Suffering is Beautiful | Emil Cioran’s Dark Philosophy

Romanian philosopher Emil Cioran observed that we  live in a society that’s too afraid to confront   the dark sides of existence. For example,  we prefer to hide illness behind the thick   walls of hospitals, and we avoid discussing  death, as we see it as something horrible,   something we tend to erase all traces of in  our daily lives. However, Cioran’s writings   do not shy away from the uncomfortable realities  we don’t want to see.

On the contrary, for Cioran,   things like misery, pain, and suffering became  the main focus of his writings. Funnily enough,   his immersion in life’s despair became  his salvation: “suicide postponed,”   as he called his prolific writing activity. I planned this video as an opportunity to delve   into Cioran’s work, starting with his earliest  work, On the Heights of Despair.

Comprehending his   work was challenging. I’ve read the book several  times, along with The Trouble of Being Born, which   I enjoyed more. Maybe I struggled to read the  aphoristic and poetic style, or maybe the depth   of his works goes way beyond my understanding  and intellectual capacity.

On top of that,   the book talks about many different themes, and  the lack of cohesiveness I found hard to follow.  I guess, in a way, my attempt to create a video  that represents Cioran’s book well failed. But   before you click away, my failure might be the  exact reason to watch this video.

Aside from   the fact that it expands on some of Cioran’s  ideas, such as why the pursuit of happiness is   futile and why despair is profound, the Romanian  philosopher saw failure as something beautiful. If you want to help keep this channel going,   become a Patreon supporter. You’ll get  access to ALL Einzelgänger videos ad-free.

Even though his book On the Heights  of Despair is a philosophical work,   Cioran was also an avid critic of philosophy,   as he believed that the actual value of  living doesn’t lie in the intellectual or   the rational but in the confrontation with  existence in its true, raw form. He wrote: “Haven’t people learned yet that the time  of superficial intellectual games is over,   that agony is infinitely more important  than syllogism, that a cry of despair is   more revealing than the most subtle thought, and  that tears always have deeper roots than smiles? ” End quote.

We could call Emil Cioran an   anti-philosopher, although he probably wouldn’t  have been too happy with that label. For him,   existence shouldn’t be categorized; it should  be experienced purely, in its full liquidity,   as he calls it at the beginning of the book. Emil Cioran was still in his early twenties when   he wrote On the Heights of Despair, his first  book, and later admitted that writing it saved   his life.

For him, writing was the ultimate way to  deal with life’s suffering. When reading his work,   one would imagine a depressed, sad figure.  But in public, he was exceptionally cheerful,   which puzzled some of his readers.

How  could someone who writes such dark,   pessimistic words be so happy? Well, perhaps the  fact that he didn’t shy away from life’s darkest   aspects was the very reason for his apparent  deep appreciation for life. His writings were a   cathartic experience for him, as if he processed  his deep despair by doing so, as opposed to   running from it or acting as if it didn’t exist,  which many others do.

“Creativity is a temporary   salvation from the claws of death,” he stated. To Cioran, despair isn’t something we should run   away from. And experiencing suffering certainly  doesn’t mean we’re living the wrong way.

Despair   is a part of life, perhaps even the very nature  of being human. Cioran observed the immense   profundity of despair, which goes so deep that any  form of happiness and joy are just superficial,   fleeting elements. He addresses this profundity  in his own quirky ways.

He didn’t care much   about cohesion in his writings or conforming to  a certain writing style and contradicted himself.   It didn’t matter to him. What mattered  to him was the source of his writings:   the heights of his suffering, the elevated  moments of his consciousness that made   him “lyrical,” as he called it.

For him,  that made his writings pure and profound,   as they reflect the depths of his experience, as  opposed to writings composed out of a place of   intellectualism and rationality. Cioran argued  that we become lyrical when we cannot express   our inner world by usual means, for example,  when we become prisoners of love. I quote: “The fact that almost everybody writes  poetry when in love proves that the   resources of conceptual thinking are too  poor to express their inner infinity;   inner lyricism finds adequate objectification  only through fluid, irrational material.

” It seems that most people want to be happy.  Hence, we try to achieve things in life as   we seek to experience the buzz we get from  accomplishments (8), or we go to the movies,   visit restaurants and cafes, go on vacations,  or go shopping (9). Many (if not all) of our   efforts carry this underlying objective of  attaining happiness, regardless of the fact   that such enjoyment is always fleeting, meaning  that shortly after we get our fix, we’re off to   the next.

For Cioran, this pursuit of happiness  is pointless, not just because of the transient   nature of happiness but also because we’re  denying the inescapable darker aspects of life.  Yet, humanity has built large and complex  structures to avoid the pain of life, and as   a means to cope with the copious amounts of  despair and misfortune we encounter from womb   to grave. Cioran clarifies in his book that he  doesn’t like these structures, such as religion,   moral and ethical systems, and, yes, even  philosophy.

All they do is avoid what’s an   intricate part of life or, in some cases,  attribute meaning to our suffering to make   it more bearable, for example, by saying that  “God has meant it to be this way” or “Everything   happens for a reason. ” Another method is using  rationality and ethics to mitigate our emotions   so we don’t experience the extremes of life or  “live at life’s normal temperature,” as he calls   it. Take Stoicism, for example.

Although Cioran  doesn’t write about Stoicism directly in his book,   he does vocalize his disdain for rationality  and systems that try to curb life’s painful   sides. Stoics attempt to reduce and eliminate the  passions that prevent them from experiencing the   eudaimonic state. But these passions, such as  anger, anxiety, and pleasure, are part of life.  

These intense emotional experiences, the moments  in which we’re ‘lyrical,’ make life worth living.   And by trying to curb or eliminate them, we settle  for something not akin to life in its fullness.  According to Cioran, happiness is mainly  fleeting.

Compared to our deep despair   when we contemplate our meaningless existence and  the idea that our lives don’t amount to anything,   happiness is superficial; it’s almost like a  veil we use to cover the ugly aspects of life   we refuse to look at. But as these veils  are thin and only cover the ugly briefly,   we quickly have to find other ways to cover  it. And so we put ourselves on a hamster wheel,   running from the inescapable reality of suffering. 

Happiness, therefore, becomes a distraction,   not a realistic goal. And our pursuit of it  shows we’re not at peace with life as it is.  Now, this misery, this despair, the darker  sides of life, or whatever you want to call it,   is something Cioran expands upon in great  detail in his book.

Let’s explore this a bit,   starting with one of the primary  sources of human suffering: the absurd. Cioran believed that life has no meaning. It  can never have one; thus, any effort toward   finding meaning is futile (13).

He wrote:  “For animals, life is all there is; for man,   life is a question mark. An irreversible question  mark, for man has never found, nor will ever find   any answers. ” But for Cioran, this realization  that life is meaningless isn’t a reason to die;   it’s a reason to live, moreover, “the only one.

” Cioran’s belief that life is meaningless resembles   Albert Camus’ Absurdism. They both observed  that even though life is inherently useless,   humans have this seemingly inborn tendency to  seek meaning, a discrepancy regarded as ‘absurd. ’   Instead of just living life without thinking  about why we do it, what it means to be alive,   where living beings originate from, and if  there’s life after death, we ask all these   questions.

The pain-relieving structures we  just discussed almost all concern themselves   with the meaning of life. They provide answers. In Christianity, for example, the meaning of   life is to follow God.

Stoicism presents the  idea that life is about virtue. In Buddhism,   one aims to escape the cycle of suffering  by following the Eightfold Path. So, these   structures serve as a solution for existential  pain, providing meaning-seeking humans with   answers.

There’s one problem, though, according  to both Cioran and Camus (but also Nietzsche and   Schopenhauer): these claims of an intrinsic  meaning of life might be questionable. They   might be a human fabrication to answer questions  on which the universe will be forever silent.   This silence Cioran considered the only truth;  it’s the reality that there are no answers to   our questions regarding the meaning of life.

Life  is meaningless. We’re a cosmic coincidence. Our   lives amount to nothing.

Thus, it doesn’t  matter what we do, and trying to answer   all these existential questions regarding  the meaning of life is useless. He wrote: “No matter which way we go, it is no better than  any other. It is all the same whether you achieve   something or not, have faith or not, just as it  is all the same whether you cry or remain silent.

” End quote. This worldview makes   Cioran undoubtedly a nihilist. But a nihilist who  promoted experiencing life raw and unfiltered.  

Usually, nihilism and despair go hand in hand.  The idea that we’re here for nothing and our   lives are meaningless can be depressing. We  experience existential angst, hopelessness,   loneliness, and sometimes even a  desire to end our lives.

Cioran   repeatedly delved into these feelings,  evoked by the pointlessness of it all. When reading his work, his focus on the  dark sides of life becomes apparent,   as if he purposefully wallows in misery. He  doesn’t shy away from despair.

He doesn’t follow   specific systems to escape despair. He embraces  it. He wants to experience the pain of existence   to the fullest.

It’s not that he enjoys pain in a  masochistic sense, but he does seem to attribute   great value to experiencing agony. Suffering  is profound. It tells a lot about the human   condition and about things we all go through. 

If we genuinely dare to look at suffering,   we more likely see life for what it truly is. If  we engage with our suffering, we also learn a lot   about ourselves, which, in turn, teaches us about  others, especially what many people spend their   whole lives hiding, because we may deny suffering,  but that doesn’t mean it’s not there. It is,   and deep inside, we know it.

I particularly  liked this passage of the book, and I quote: What would happen if a man’s face  could adequately express his suffering,   if his entire inner agony would be objectified in  his facial expression? Could we still communicate?   Wouldn’t we then cover our faces with our  hands while talking?

Life would really be   impossible if the infinitude of feelings we harbor  within ourselves would be fully expressed in the   lines of our face. Nobody would dare look at  himself in the mirror, because a grotesque,   tragic image would mix in the contours of  his face with stains and traces of blood,   wounds which cannot be healed,  and unstoppable streams of tears. End quote.

When reading Cioran and   his apparent fascination for despair and how he  described the profundity of life’s painful moments   (and at least trying to comprehend his handsomely  crafted aphorisms), I couldn’t stop thinking   about specific periods of deep suffering and  loneliness. I can easily recount the days spent   alone on the couch, time flying by, sometimes  watching the world go by from the window, and,   in other instances, just imagining people living  their lives outside, in whatever ways, while I’m   just hanging on in quiet desperation, feeling  misunderstood and disconnected. Such moments,   and I had a few, indeed felt like tumbling into  something, and this fall creates a distance   between you and the rest of the world.

Without  denying the emotional pain felt in these moments,   there was also clarity. Away from the noisy  masses, it granted me time for introspection   and understanding. Moments like these forced  me to think and feel my pain.

Looking back at   these periods, I can see their beauty  and acknowledge their role in shaping   me who I am now. In some cases, falling into  the heights of despair has been mesmerizing.  Maybe my inability to comprehend many of his words  wasn’t such a big problem after all, as on many   occasions, I seemed to feel the pain he wanted to  conceive.

For many things he wrote in his book,   I think I’ve lived them. Maybe not exactly what  he described, but the cradle that gave birth to it   indeed is a place I’m familiar with, and I’d guess  I’m not the only one. I, too, have “fallen” into   the heights of despair and often wondered if I was  a masochist for, weirdly, longing back for moments   in which I would have preferred to end my capacity  for longing altogether.

But as it turns out,   it’s not the pleasure of these moments but the  profound depth, the intensity of the heightened   experience of deep despair, that left such  a mark in my memory. Without these moments,   would my life have been happier? Maybe. 

I wouldn’t know. I think it depends on   one’s relationship with suffering and happiness,  which, I suspect, remains different for everyone. Thank you for watching.