This Is Marshall McLuhan - The Medium Is The Massage (1967)

I come uh from a 19th century Country Canada and this gives me a great advantage in looking at the 20th century the 20th century is the age of electric technology it's the most dominant tool of our time and re-evaluate every thought and every institution you formerly took for granted I know exactly where the boundaries of the G mostly they begin in the United States so any Canadian can see what you cannot see that is you live in the 20th century more or less and it becomes therefore invisible the electric age is changing you it is

changing your family is changing your neighborhood it's changing your education it's changing your job when you going to do it's changing your government it's changing your relationship to others these little circuits are making our world go the electric age is having a profound effect on us we are in a period of fantastic change that's coming about at Fantastic speed your life is changing dramatically and you are numb to it well obviously his ideas are complex I mean he's he's an he's he's an intellectual a special kind of int and his ideas are are in the

realm of intellect they're they're complex ideas but our society is a complex society there many people who want things you know simplified of course if intellect spokes in simple words then people like me would be out of work well the title the medium is the massage is a teaser a way of getting attention there's a wonderful sign hanging on a Toronto junkyard which reads help beautify junkyards throw something lovely away today and this is a very uh effective way of uh getting people to notice uh a lot of things and so the the title is

intended to draw attention to the fact that a medium is not something neutral it it does something to people it takes hold of them it roughs them up it massages them it bumps them around and uh uh as it were chiropractically and um the general roughing up that any society gets from a medium especially a new medium is what is intended to uh be indicated in that title the medium of our time electric technology everything from the light bulb to the telephone to the computer to Jets to nuclear energy is changing everything we are in

the middle of a tremendous clash between the old and the new the medium does things to people and uh they're always completely unaware of this uh they uh don't really notice the new medium that is wrapping them up they think of the old medium uh because the old medium is always the content of the new Medium as movies are tend to be the content of TV and as books used to be the content novels used to be the content of movies and so every time a new medium arrives the old medium is the content and

it is highly observable highly noticeable but the real real roughing up and massaging is done by the new medium and it's it it is ignored the idea that television computers and the rest are just tools that we use for better or worse isn't true the way you react to them is what's important not what's in them or on them how you use your eyes to see your ears to hear brings about new forms of human Association and action the way we refer to this new situation created by the new uh television massage or treatment of

our senses and uh it is an evaluation made by the old um visual types looking in the rearview mirror as usual of something that is threatening the old values and U reversing the old values when information is brushed against information the results are startling and effective we are re-entering the old tribal world uh about this time we're going to go through the tribal dce on the tribal dream Wide Awake the search for involvement and filling takes many forms it's like drawing cartoons you can't fill in all this because none of these things happen without some

sort of cause or some sort of reason in the minds of other people the um discotek the go go as a form is an area in which anybody who takes time can make interesting discoveries many of the things I talk about I find very irritating um that's what leads me to investigate them you know you uh you look around for a hair of the dog that bet you I I I look into many of the uh new forms simply because I find them very exasperating and irritating and Troublesome to uh peace of mind and so

on and on the other hand I've discovered to my amazement that if you take some violent and IR iritating process say like radio or TV and start looking at how it works what it's doing to you and why it's doing it to you you can get very enthralled very excited television has been labeled sterile and there is nothing sterile about television except in the eye of the beholder the uh you know the uh the FCC type of observation of Television they totally irrelevant totally incapable of coming to grips this form uh when you speak of

sterility you speak of the movie programs that are shown on TV uh you're not talking about television at all Marshall mclen is a professor of English at the University of Toronto and director of its Center for culture and Technology he's the author of several books and hundreds of Articles whose sales increase daily and spreads suddenly everybody press industry corporations and the new youth have discovered him and he has become a storm Center of extreme controversy my largest objections to his uh principle is that he's basically and this is a distilled view of what I've gotten

from his work and from his presence a Whimsical sociologist rather than a penetrating philosopher or a deep thinking psychologist the um ordinary child of our culture is being educated massaged by the TV form into a state of participation in all sorts of sensuous operations that the old visual culture carefully refrained from and uh kept distant from the week after the book came out you suddenly heard professors starting talking about uh the Grain and the the medium is the message and suddenly all these little slogans you know or just being picked up you know like that

and it became sort of rather uh sort of mod why should in the TVA scuba diving or or skin diving suddenly become popular I I would say right off hand the reason is very simple TV watching is scua diving I do believe he is a popularizer I do believe in five years we will look back at this book and perhaps shrug our shows I don't think it's um of long or lasting influence the movie has become progressively better understood since TV it has become an art form it is uh being given all sorts of special

consideration and is even being used as a recruiting center for uh political talent and other show business I think he uh Mr mclen seems to be awake to all of the media of Modern Life certainly and he he understands perhaps either intuitively or with his very broad intelligence the meanings of the various Major Art movements including pop art now that we have an electric electronic sort of world we live imaginatively in the old front world of well horse Opera Salinger was the great great hero and strangely enough for another Group AA mil so it doesn't

have to do with adulthood or uh maturity necessarily I believe some of these are fats however mcluen aside from youngsters who are now involved with Lord of the Rings in the same way uh has some interesting things to say and the fact that Madison Avenue got more involved with him than perhaps Academia and I'm talking about a faculty level at Academia I believe is revealing the fact is the telephone speeds up all patterns of human inter relationship uh so that all kinds of decision-making all kinds of organizational life inside business and in the community are

changed completely writing style is extraordinarily up to dat it has a kind of Swing to it that uh U mediates between High futin scholarship and ad writing and when you read that although it doesn't read clearly all the way somehow the the uh the cumulative effect of it is that you understand much better than if you heard some stuffy scholar talking in a classroom to me this is his role that he's he's talking about goggles you know and everybody's got a set of goggles everybody thinks his own set was given to him by God and

is universal natural and supposed to be and what he's saying says just for a minute going to think of the possibility that maybe your set of goggles is is a private idiosyncratic set of goggles and suppose that that the generation before had a different set of goggles and you got this set of goggles and you both think you're looking at it the same way and you're not no the praise is not completely unanimous though life has labeled him the Oracle of the electric age and The Herald Tribune said he may be the most important thinker

since Newton Darwin Freud and Einstein he has also been called the high priest of Pop Culture the in intellectual celebrity and even that nut professor in Canada people being excited by mlen is that he really has a great night for developing slogans you know like the medium is the message and the channel and the information those sorts of slogans and they're very appealing I really have nothing against Marshall mlar except that um he got everything from Norbert we who is a a mathematician the medium I employ is the probe not the package that is I

tend to use phrases I tend to use observations that tease people that squeeze them that push at them that uh disturb them because I'm I'm really exploring situations I'm not trying to deliver some complete set of observations about anything I don't think he makes a decision I don't think he commits himself which uh depending on your view of where our art is going would either make him a a potentially great artist or not one at all I'm an investigator I I explore and I rather instead of explaining I explore our time is a time for

crossing barriers for erasing old categories from looking ahead ordinary people prefer to live in the immediate past Bonanza style that is sub modern suburbanite livers in in uh USA live not in modern Suburbia they live in Bonanza Land one stage back the cartrite territory is a much more comfortable territory to live in than modern Suburbia and that is emotionally it is much more gratifying and secure to live in Bonanza land and it is the old environment every time a new environment forms with a new medium people go back and live in the old one when

uh when car the cits were actually running uh uh USA say back in 1850 1870 uh people weren't living in on the frontier at all they didn't live in Bonanza land when Bonanza land actually existed they were living back in Jeffersonian democracy are you living in today's world in the new electric world where everybody is involved in everybody where everybody is involved in comp complex processes that are going on in the total environment the old identity cards that used to constitute private identity the old means of finding out who am I uh will not work

people uh now have to encounter themselves in the inner world uh kard or existential style in order to know who they are the old methods of merely external uh identity by uh marks of uh occupation national origin age grouping and so on these will not serve any longer as means of distinguishing private identity how much do you make have you ever thought about suicide you are fast losing your private identity information is being collected about you and it's being recorded in a corporate memory making up one big computerized gossip column it is unforgiving unforgetful And

So It Goes every minute of every day you're the mass man the collective store of all that ever happened the walls of your rooms are coming down it's becoming a simple matter to wire and pick out of your homes your private once solely personal life and record it bugging is the new means for gathering information who knows maybe you've been bugged for sound it couldn't happen what's that buzz privacy was almost unknown uh even in Shakespeare's day it came in after that period in the 17th 18th centuries and it was dependent upon an architecture that

sealed off spaces uh people didn't live in private spaces in uh uh earlier periods and uh it was over the coming of the book and the need for uh areas in private areas in which to read and study and so on that privacy gradually caught on as a value I don't think privacy has quite the same meaning in our time that it used to have I know for example a big business in Toronto where all the private offices have been um dissolved all the walls have been pulled out so that the um participants in this

business can sit together round tables in the middle of the big office space so that they can watch each other's responses to stocks and uh world events and so on they want a Perpetual dialogue going on among themselves as a response to world events the Family Circle has widened Mom and Dad the world pool of information constantly pouring in on your closely knit family is influencing them a lot more than you think the instantaneous world of electric informational media involves all of us all at once ours is a brand new world of all at Oneness

time in a sense has ceased and space has vanished like Primitives we now live in a global village of our own making a simultaneous happening Global Village is not created by the motorc car or even by the airplane it's created by in instant electronic U information movement the global village is at once plan as wide as the planet and as small is a little town where everybody is maliciously engaged and poking his nose into everybody else's business the global village is a world in which uh you don't necessarily have Harmony you have extreme concern with

everybody else's business and much involvement in everybody else's life it's a sort of an Landers column written large and uh it uh does necessarily mean Harmony and peace and quiet but it does mean huge involvement in everybody's else everybody else's Affairs and so the global village is as big as a planet and as small as uh The Village post office we now share too much about each other to be strangers to each other for example in the age of the information explosion all the walls go out between age groups ethnic groups between between family groups

n National groups between economies the walls all go out people suddenly have to adjust themselves to this new proximity this new inter relationship and uh merely to tell them that this has happened isn't very helpful helpful what they need to know is if it is happening what does it mean to me for example in the matter of say Automation and jobs uh information at electric speeds blows out all the p uh partitions between job jobs involves people in firms in uh operations that uh are total and in inclusive so that big business has discovered that

instead of a person occupying a little specialist slot into the business he it's better to be work with small teams that can take overall cognizance and consideration of the whole operation of the firm and um come up with all sorts of new Solutions for op for factors that affect the entire operation of the firm instead of just going ahead doing their little job um in the old pattern same way with private lives uh what had formerly been private life tends to become more and more corporate today the information level of Education in the classroom is

far below the level of modern home environment of electronic information the reason that the 19th century child could take the curriculum and the school room of his time with some seriousness was that he knew there was a considerable relation between what was going on in the school room and what was going on outside that is no longer true we still go on 19th century Style with classified subjects uh instruction by stenciling on brain pans and regurgitating in exam form this is all 19th century factory system schoolwork but uh the it's no longer supported by the

outside environment the electronic environment makes an information level outside the school room that is far higher than the information level inside the school room in the 19th century the knowledge inside the school room was higher than the knowledge outside today it is reversed the child knows that in going to school he is in a sense interrupting his education education must shift from stenciled instruction to Discovery probing and exploration the young today want roles they want Total involvement now rather than just fragmented specialized jobs or goals how can our youth look forward to a specialized job

when the computer world of automation May eliminate that job the reason that our educational system is in crisis is because we don't know how to stop this flow of data this oneway flow of data onto the brain pans of the unfortunate uh and helpless students all Media or Technologies work us over completely they are so permeating throughout in their personal political psychological moral ethical and social consequences that they leave no part of us untouched any new medium changes the image we have of our own bodies for example the motor car is a vast extension of

our feet and uh it's uh it turns you into a paraplegic with in a powered armchair as it were uh but the changes completely the image we have of our bodies with television the image we have of our bodies is profoundly altered by the fact that the image goes inside us and this has had a profound effect on the motor car the safety car is partly the response uh that or the effect of television on the motor car uh involvement in the motorc car in a new way makes people feel that it's something they ought

to be able to control and in which from which they might expect a certain degree of safety uh this is very much a TV effect on Motorcar it may destroy the Motorcar but the image we have of our own bodies is completely altered by any new medium color television is not the old black and white television with color added it is a new medium completely Alters the image we have of ourselves our body percepts as the psychologists say our body percept is something of which we are always unconscious your body percept changes directly with any

alteration in temperature any alteration in sound any any alteration in input through any of the senses affects your body image of this you were completely unaware only a psychiatrist can really uh make you aware of the image you have of your own body all media are extensions of some human faculty mental or physical the whale is an extension of the foot the book is an extension of the eye clothing is an extension of the skin electric secetary is an extension of the central nervous system the extension of any one sense displaces the other senses and

Alters the way we think the way we see the world and ourselves when these changes are made men change before the alphabet our primary sensory organ was The Ear The Great uh power of the phonetic alphabet is discovered in Antiquity consisted in creating a means of translating all languages and all human activities into a common set of symbols which were quite neutral and uh non- involving uh literate culture as discovered by the Greeks and practiced by the Romans created civilization in the sense that it created a high order of civilized culture from which people could

detach themselves that is literate culture is Visual and detached it creates the Civilized man the detribalized man the man who is not involved and the effect of the electric Revolution is to create once more an involvement that is total we are unaware of the dangers of not understanding the need for involvement the dangers are total the chances of your understanding anything going on in your own time are very small except through the means or media you provided by artists artists are people who uh enjoy uh living in the present since the time of the Renaissance

we have been contained by a visual Monopoly art was rigid and kept us out of the frame today art is anything you can get away with when my own means way of of testing the sorts of effects that any new form is likely to have on us is to keep a sharp uh Lookout on changing Styles in the Arts the artist is always a jump ahead of technology and is engaged really in giving you images of what sort of effects it's likely to have upon you later on so that the changing style in the Arts

like pop art and so on are pretty good indications of the real meaning of Television uh pop art simply tells you the only art form left for you today is your own natural environment you have now to program it as if it were a an art a work of art and an environment so uh to certainly be confronted with the need to use the human environment itself as art form is one way of drawing attention to the fact that the new environments created by New Media require a certain amount of human programming and control for

our psychic life why why should art and culture suddenly become very big business like big science uh the reasons are tied up with the fact that in that we living in an information age when you live in an Information Age culture becomes big business education becomes big business and the cultural explosion or the information explosion becomes itself culture it knocks down all the walls between culture and business as between education and business there's no longer any gap between the campus and the Wall Street or a very big business if anybody can participate in this whole

area of uh exploration and Discovery and so I try to tease people and to urge them to get into these activities of Discovery uh children love it uh you can quickly get them going because one reason being they sense that here is an area that in which I can become far more expert than my teacher what about pop art why pop why not Mom uh art used to be Mom's provins suddenly pop art it's a pun jokes humor as a system of communications and as a probe of our environment it doesn't deal in theory but

in immediate experience and it's often the best guide to our Changing Times one of the strange features of our time is the joke without the story line uh simply the gag like the the surgeon uh the expensive surgeon who when his patients couldn't afford surgery would offer to touch up the X-ray for free or the uh polish jokes like uh Alexander Graham Kowalski the first telephone poll that was the first Polish joke I ever heard one of the best uh it's uh it's possible or the uh what's electric uh what's purple in hums why naturally

an electric GR why does it hum doesn't know the words and these jokes have no story line they're just conundrums and the kids eat them up they don't they think the old storyline jokes are for strictly Square uh in the electric gate you don't have a continuity in the old sense you don't have a strung out uh Continuum you everything happens at once everything goes over everything else and um so everything affecting everything else the uh there are many examples of this and it helps to bring to mind that every joke really reveals a grievance

humor comes out of a world of uh unhappy bitter grievances hence the um many of the jokes in our society most the jokes in our society the good ones come from ethnic groups various minorities who have uh some sort of gripe my name or say manic clothing as a means of communication don't you think they're trying to tell you something the whole uh world of teenage dress is a world uh of icon in one hand in the sense that they stress all sorts of uh images with strongly marked bounding lines but these images the costumes

that they prefer are the ones that highlight role playing rather than individual identity they would rather be involved well for example a u a judge with a wig uh doesn't represent any private entity whatever he is a a role a function in the whole society the surgeon in his white coat the scientist in the white coat this is roleplaying and this appeals deeply to the young the teenager type the wearing the long hair the the the beards and so on this suggests involvement in depth in role and it's not a private identity so much as

a corporate one that the new Teenage craving and unconscious they're not quite unaware of why is to drive toward corporate involvement in roleplaying role playing has been a game uh going on in management centers and so on for years as a way of discovering who am I in this organization popular hipd music is still very close to speech patterns one of the things about the beetle music for example that is so uh effective is that they were the first as far as I know to uh put English popular speech popular lower class British Cockney rhythms

and Liverpool rhythms into musical form uh the English have never had a music directly related to popular speech before when you make a music that is related to popular speech it enables the singer to put on the whole audience the public as a mask and wear it as a mask of power The Beatles are powerful any popular music is powerful because it puts on The rhythms and the patterns of the whole audience as a [Music] mask John Cage a composer of new music has stated everything we do is music everyone is the best seat theater

takes place all the time wherever one is and art simply persuades one that this is the case one must give up Illusions about ideas of order and expressions of sentiment accept that a man is a man and a sound is a sound the ear like the electric age is a world of simultaneous relationships [Music] [Music] out [Music] [Applause] [Music] television is directing our energies inward our children today are growing up as a kind of Yogi uh aen Buddhist bunch of inward directed people looking seriously into themselves not just idly selecting some exterior goal but seeking

for some completely meaningful identification with some great process that's why youth uh Peace Corp and so on appeals to children it's not a job it's a completely involving role and so the television I say has had this extraordinary effect of driving Western man inward Western man has triumphed over nature because he's been out oriented outward at the visible world and now with television he is being oriented inward to the invisible world and LSD is merely one little side issue in uh TV effects television establishes the Dynamics of our new age with its always scanning finger

it reintegrates the human senses thereby making books obsolete books are now art objects television demands participation and involvement of the whole [Music] being it was the funeral of president that mostly proved the power of Television to draw everyone into Mass participation the entire nation and world were simultaneously United in a single emotion and involvement Kennedy came into office as the first TV president with a a resulting involvement on the part of all age groups in his whole uh presidency that was quite unexpected and so that his assassination created a similar a corresponding violence of response

that was quite unexpected on all age groups and in many other parts of the world besides our own a satellite system of broadcasting permits for example uh an immediate participation in events anywhere in the world uh ending all news reports uh what we call a news report is a verbalized uh substitute for participation in that event with satellite broadcasting you just go to the place and participate directly in the sufferings or the events of that area floods or whatnot uh whether this will uh tend to create a a new kind of news I no for

example at the present time what we automatically think of as news is just bad news if it isn't bad news it isn't news if it's good news it's likely to be PR or advertising and it takes an awful lot of bad news to sell uh all that good news that we have to carry in our newspapers and magazines what type of presidential candidates will best lend themselves to television oh they have to be flexible casual will Rush Jack pares they have to have a kind of informality and casualness that is suited to the medium the

more uh Ram rodish uh rigid types will just not go down with the TV viewing public at all it's uh a sort of turning TV over to the casting bureaus and um politics having become show businesses uh increasingly in the hands of the casting agencies the railroad radically altered the personal outlooks and patterns of our society it bred and nurtured the American dream it gave us darkest Suburbia and its lasting symbol the lawnmower the circuited city of the future will not be the huge hunk of concentrated real estate created by the railway it will take

on a totally new meaning under conditions of very Rapid Transit and communication well the city as a created partly by the railway as a rail head the city uh has undergone strange Transformations with the motorc car in one hand and the airplane on the other hand uh the tendency of the Motorcar is to extend the city as a ribbon development right across vast territories so that between here and Boston is like one city between here and Washington is a city and uh on the other hand the airplane U sort of Leap Frogs over those spaces

and wipes out roads wipes out the big city we'll work at home in created space created by Electric media connected to the corporation or boss not by railroads or roads but by television and other media we'll relay information by closed circuit two-way TV and by computer systems the great massive American rush hour will be over and the hell with [Applause] driving when many of these kinds of developments begin to occur in many forms at once at very high speeds then it becomes easy to perceive the pattern when things happen relatively slowly it's like still shots

on a uh um film uh if you look at them one at a time it's very slow uh uh you don't see very much change but project them at a reasonable speed in the pattern development becomes perfectly evident our we are now living in a world where things change so rapidly that anybody can spot the configuration the pattern of change and we're living increasingly in a world of pattern recognition instead of this classified and isolated items the whole speed up has tended to make everything much more intelligible and understandable than in the past the speed

of electric communication alone does not allow us to use purely visual material to comprehend the world they are just too slow to be relevant or effective we are moving from the habit of data classification for they refer only to the Past not the present advertising agencies have always been mystified as to why is the storyboard uh more effective than the final product and their answer to that is is very important it is that that the incomplete form allows the audience more participation than the completed form and now a word from our sponsor how many times

do you suppose you've heard words to that effect announcing a commercial often probably since they're sandwiched between the hours of TV viewing time the quality and entertainment level of the commercial is getting very high Fierce competition keeps the advertising agencies constantly re-evaluating and recreating their images to get and hold the viewers attention the advertisers reach for new ideas more and more because of repeated showings the new approaches become familiar and accepted this is a sound of heart it will beat 72 times in this minute the commercial has preconditioned mass viewing audiences to abrupt film cutting

with no story lines many of the techniques utilized in modern theatrical films [Music] the felini and Bergman and such pull the storyline off the film but and and the result is that you become much more profoundly involved in the film process uh when you put a story line on a novel or a film you're much less involved all right the detective story Edgar aleno discovered you see that if you take the story line of the detective Story the audience has to participate and make the story as it goes and uh so paradoxically pull the story

line off any situation and you get a much higher level of creative participation on the part of the reader or the audience and the felini 8 and a half is a world where the audience has to work very hard same as abstract art same as uh Picasso Picasso has a picture of man sitting in chair there's no man there's no chair what Picasso was painting was what it feels like for a man to be sitting in a chair the audience uh has to uh work this out and participate in the experience of sitting in a

chair instead of just visually identifying chair and Man movies are better than ever but most movies are still hotter than ever Hollywood often causes revolutions as sucaro has said the motion picture industry has provided a window on the world and the colonized Nations have looked through that window and have seen the things of which they have been deprived it is perhaps not generally realized that a refrigerator can be a revolutionary symbol to a people who have no refrigerators a motorc car owned by a worker in one country can be a symbol of Revolt to a

people deprived of even the necessities of life Hollywood helped to build up the sense of deprivation of man's Birthright and that sense of deprivation has played a large part in the National Revolutions of postwar Asia the conflict uh going on in Vietnam has a corresponding conflict within ourselves we have a hot War being reported on a cool medium and it creates a great deal of distaste and reluctance in the population at large which is very difficult for most people to understand so cool is involving hot is not um our friend is fond of explaining that

when he came to this part of New York the cops told him if you're ever in Trouble Never Shout help shout fire and um he said if you shout fire all the windows will go up you shout help you'll get nothing uh help is uh too involving it demands too much for most people they're afraid fire is not involving it's a hot medium it you can throw a blanket throw a bucket and uh not be personally involved at all and so uh it's an extreme example of this strange conflict between hot and cool but the

uh the movie Medium is hot and uh loves violent events just as the newspaper is hot and loves violent events but the TV medium is so involving in the process of whatever is going on that it is cool and it when it handles War and the sufferings of War uh it creates an audience involvement which makes War most untable uh so this is Vietnam is our first TV war and uh uh people are finding it not too much to their liking it may be necessary to ban it altogether from TV from now on media reach

out to the very furthermost corners of the world hopefully more and more cool media will be getting there soon to cool the temperatures raised by the hot media like radio and film Real Total War has become information War the cold war is the real warfront and should be the only War surrounding and requiring the involvement of everyone all the time everywhere whenever the bloody hot Wars are waged they are conducted in the backyards of the world with the weapons of the old Technologies the hot Wars are trag which needlessly kill maim and destroy the latest

technologies have made hot Wars meaningless for there can be no victory the hydrogen bomb is history's exclamation point these Technologies we play with create an inevitable chain of consequences these consequences are inevitable only to people who are not paying attention to what's going on or to what they've done you know you press a button and start something uh it's not inevitable that you must press the button if you understand what's going to happen when you press it do must press it these are difficult terms s because we are witnessing a cataclysmic Clash of two great

Technologies the print technology of yesterday and the electric technology of today we approached the new technology with a psychological conditioning and sensory responses of the old we are faced with possible failure the attempt to do a job demanded by the new environment with the tools of the old people have only always been unaware of new environments because they're afraid of them uh the from the moment of birth uh people are sense that the environment the new environment around them is hostile it's it's a real threat to their whole existence and so every time an environment

changes we hasten to seek security and comfort in the old environment um I was delighted to come across a passage in Shakespeare a few days ago a familiar passage which suddenly reveal the same message One Touch of nature makes the whole world kin that each with one consent pursues newborn Gods though they be made and molded of things past the new is always made up of the old or rather what people see in the new is always the old thing the rearview mirror and what people see at any time what their attention is focused upon

is always the rearview mirror never the present image or the present fact fact the future of the future is the present and this is something that people are terrified of the past went that away when faced with a totally new situation we tend to attach ourselves to the objects to the flavor of the most recent past Suburbia lives imaginatively in Bonanza land we look at the present through a rear view mirror we March backwards into the future there are detracting voices who cry out the stars are so big the Earth is so small stay as

you are but can we afford to he he was a presence which you had to either acknowledge and use or if you didn't use him you had to say why you didn't use him so not everybody has to read mlen but but if writers admin television producers read him and and act upon some of his insights then touches everybody it touches everybody but the thing with MCL and this this is why the this the current distraction and everything like that and it's part of what he's talking about uh he's a victim of his own theories

as well as the creator of them you know is the fact that the time span which in Freud would have gone over 10 15 20 40 years is now happening to this guy in 18 months for