And then [Music] Hello welcome and welcome to the channel Theories the North American For those who don't know me I'm Rafael Seabra and the video Today is about the celebration of the Sociologist's Day that was celebrated this last December December and this date is precisely related to the day on which there was the presidential sanction of the Decree that regulates the profession of sociologist, this happened in the 1980s and although sociology was formalized as the course to visit a little over 120 years ago and thus legitimized the conscience about society it has a much broader background, it is as a field of knowledge with research practices I don't need to retrace the long trajectory of the discipline but just ask some questions that reinforce its importance and especially today when it is as much fought as it is underestimated and that's strange, right? Because if it's insufficient or even necessary to understand the world we live in, why fight it And also why underestimate it ? Like the video and if you haven't subscribed yet, subscribe And if you like it, share it and help to upload this video and adjust it is also popularizing this debate of ours here on Latin American sociological theory, good to emerge as a science about society One question that is very obvious is that Sociology is not the only science that studies human relations, right?
We have anthropology, history, economics, political science, psychology, law, philosophy, among many others, if only it is in the field of the great human sciences, which has, right? human relations as an object then hysteria for example history analyzing human actions or consequences human actions occurred in the past anthropology would deal with culture and symbology It is true different stages of the Movement in relation to the western world political science would deal with power relations and of the forms of government, the law would be interested in the interpretation and application of the laws and norms that regulate social behavior, but if rigid boundaries appear between the disciplines, it would not be problematic. There is a box for each discipline .
of the Social Sciences of even the human sciences but being a little less ambitious of their own to associate is to combine analyzes that are at the same time historical political, economic and social Then from the point of view Our individual experience Our experience Does it make sense for us to share, right? our society or our individual life as a moment of economic action political action the iva and even moves history but it is part of our life in this way these various Philippines the humanities are as well as social and more particularly sociology are in fact part of the division sexual work and without going into the merits of other disciplines We can point out an approximate definition of Sociology sociology is dedicated to understanding the social action of the agent the processes of development of interactions with also the structures and their effects on the agents so structure see era Analyzes the relationships of domination and exploitation for example, right, they suture and with which they model the action of social agents is how social agents are also modeled in this process in which they are modeled is and the gen they also remodel our tables structures then different from psychiatry, right? Good morning, individual actions only become a sociological object when they are structured for a much broader network of social relationships, even if it is not Evident for those who share it.
This means that regardless of what we do, what we do thinks about is about ourselves or about reality we are dependent on other individuals Our actions society they are relational right I direct mediation to the social subject and they are also structured by society itself so what do you mean by that the central issue surgery it is one of the types of social relations and societies in which we live, it has to do with images with representations, the perceptions that inform us about ourselves and about others, so thinking sociologically is a way of better understanding the human world anxiety our relationships but it was also the possibility of people in different ways and even better, to transform these relationships, to transform society and transform the world itself, why not put surgery and common sense is that I think it is a very sensitive topic and it is necessary to discuss it, learning to think sociologically is an activity that is also distinguished by its relationship with common sense, right with that thought with that more immediate way of understanding the world is little reflected often does not mean that it is inferior But it really is without starting we are going to think as they should at least every common man is a phimosis, right but they use the instruments that allow them to have it at hand right This is an issue that until recently didn't affect so much the physical, biological and even medical sciences is this relationship consensus like them Hi guys, these harder sciences were concerned with establishing their relationship with common sense a very large distance between this science and common sense is the issue that we have seen for some time now, right the movement from earth to for me is the black shareholder movement and that this science that until then has managed to distance itself from its common is the ones that had a monopoly on the science of knowledge that many times not this Saturday needed an immediate validation common They have been facing a problem that it is then sociological it expresses power relations relations of domination it is with ideological forms that shape these social relations and that has very serious consequences for public health But this is one this is a topic for another discussion that goes beyond what you did here but I am showing how important sociology is to understand exactly who is living today and what the process is, how would you say about physical, chemical, astronomical and mathematical problems, maybe even we find common sense in this common sense that realizes that there is a distance that is not as simple as that for example building belt is what it is not going to tell the gender how he has to calculate it is to count sand cement rebar is the one another works any health area that medicine to take or does not exist right this one distance but the reality is that the science produced in these areas is not so easily accessible, you already involve a very different Expert, right, you are certain medications between evaluations Requires a very specific equipment whose use demands Precisely this long and aseptic training I mentioned just now, so even though this phenomenon that we Travessa today, right from denialism, these hard sciences still manage to sustain this monopoly, knowing the risk, that means that they don't need to compete with common sense to have legitimacy for their production, right, but it's a fact, right? those what those physicists people medical systems anyway, right engineers Engineers do in their scientific practice common sense matters a lot we have to know what we have to have a more or less reasonable notion of what the medicine is, right if that construction It is reliable is it if this research really does not have a certain level of reliability And it is precisely in everyday life in the social network in human life, right in its relations with society and with nature that this science will find its object So where is constant water the question is only the forms of power that arise from this type of science I don't want to diminish the importance of common sense here, we just start to get closer, we have options, right, from what Pierre Bourdieu only became easy to be once, right, like a element that is that logical thinking demands, you know, vigilance in the construction of social knowledge of social knowledge, so I hear something very important is Charles Wright Mills and the design of the 50s that the sociological imagination would be the great guide of humanity is a day of reflexivity of individuals, not a guide to understand it, to understand the world in social terms, no longer in supernatural terms, is theory, is a form of explanatory generalization about facts, a way of launching hypotheses and, from there, achieving greater orientation about reality and common sense uses in a certain Mania this sociological imagination that seeks from there to theorize its daily life its experience their real experiences are more immediate, it's a way of conferring a greater understanding of their own daily life and of tying together the various aspects of the chaotic world, it touches the world, it's an undifferentiated whole. to think sociologically of common sense, what do you mean by that, I mean that normally it is this common sense that lacks some instruments, some methods, and the mastery of concepts and categories to make the most appropriate interrelationships appear and avoid precisely the promotions that constellations and immediate this individual experience and the wider social phenomena , right?
hypothesis explanation right about the world is its guides for action based on generalizations that are many businesses before so an example I can give here for example is Nazism emerged in Germany right So soon every German understands or is a Nazi sociologists they are extremely critical and society always problematizes a lot of life, so I can understand that all the communists are military . military she's going to be a lesbian a man is unemployed isn't he isn't getting a job so logically he's a bum, right ? In a way they are thought of, they are concepts from our experience they are not very adequate to really understand society just look at the common forces that are based on genes actions are very simplified and examples of rituals will be missing there may be the individual who is unemployed really does not have to work anymore 100 million times there are employed and unemployed people, but due to the type of structural unemployment we are experiencing today, they will not find work .
and people are not, right, people who are not interested in working because after all, many of the issues that the modern Nossa Senhora da Cabeça is that it is based on the state of work but that it constantly creates I do not work on unemployment, okay so this is it videos are based on a personal experience, but it is not when this personal experience is confronted with other examples of reality that I have just shown the issue of employment, this common sense theorization it must collapse is what a woman becomes a military man because the eye is on society that is a little more open and that is undoing that notion that there is male employment for female is what I mean by that here throughout history and women have been conquering spaces that until then were very masculine they were able to conquer greater conditions equality what is far away you really still so the job is not the military career opened up for her it means that they are all masculinized lesbians and and uninterested in men, you know, that has to do with not understanding that she is pro, right, long for men as for women a So these very vague achievements and a lot of lack of individual suspensions and EA your own experience you compare it with other realities you example if it ends up collapsing right then I think that is where we can manage to walk and dialogue with common sense without belittling and always treating the people with inferiors today because we surgery we make mistakes and we make a lot of mistakes in the analyzes I will say that contemporary sociology is too much because she lost the ability to rent society she cannot place herself it was such a superior point and there is no such time, right and the fact that we are all right And then the debate continues here it just has to do to stay a little longer and it would be the following Would the phase people have everyone Brazilian and Brazilian right would it make us more capable of understanding Brazil Like for example the God give this question very obvious that I reverse the Brazilian people the book is up to the family here but Ok Google images from the inside later in the edition that's what it would be what an understanding of what this construction of this nation is so if it only lived away it wouldn't need Darcy Ribeiro wrote this book science pizzeria doesn't need diversity it's not true well so this is the very serious problem you like us have to face right with Total empathy and not diminishing knowing these people's perception and why this happens right because the people do it this way and first of all because in daily life we don't monitor Our social actions all the time it's how we walk we never my thinking right foot left foot balances here and created there, right the oil the gravitational center it don't do that up there on the way and the same thing will see social you turn without straps you think you know it exists there when it's wrong to what strangles what shouldn't be not right right it's supporting your place but you don't reflect much congratulations about that, you don't even get carried away and by the conceptions it's for the ideological forms that we are bombarded on a daily basis, right ? So our social actions are reused. great difficulty in establishing differences and relationships between public issues and private issues between here what happens right in the social space as a whole is what happens in the individual space this means that it is very difficult to filter interpret compare and understand the meaning of the world is without applying before the very individual experience in this the big problem, then again, right, it's not about diminishing the importance of the way people think, it's about bringing this relationship between sociology and common sense that dialogue all the time, but what's having is precisely in this hot everyday life our object is removed and we have to photocopy and return highs everyday of this common life and there is no predominance of today it is about common sense but dialogue that is reestablished So I think that the very notion of sociological imagination it helps to understand these sociological categories that feed your lungs it's class, race, gender, underdevelopment, imperialism, that's all these are philosophical sociological constructions that feed common sense and it is appropriated only that it takes advantage of its own way, it's not without the instruments without the most adequate capacity right, so it's in the distancing process here the sociologist gets stuck with common sense ideas these awards As I said there with Pierre bourdier is that we start to build knowledge only today but responsibly, right, well So how would this socialized sociological subject act how to consider this injecting this time here I would say that in the first place it is essential that the sociologist submit to strict rules the responsible speech is the epidemiological surveillance is we can know is to stay like this its logic only has to be clearly defined is it without being clearly verifiable is and those conceptions are often Temporary science walks science dialogues is We are at the bottom of the field that many times these categories fall to the ground, right some are more torturous and others are more conducive to being able to stay phrases a category right when I say category getting fit by Vasconcelos do you think of a Nelson conscious of capital of the sea is a category actually in this category there is more work within it more value dialectical exploitation living work dead work puts a series of dreams that make up this category is a series of concepts so some are more during an idea of Capital the age of capitalism This is the idea of protection nutrition more conjunctural to explain some elements more quickly right secondly to know if your judgment right of subjects soy used is fundamental a expansion of the Aries perspective , the wider the comparison between individual and social elements is in terms of understanding the relationships between action and social structure, the greater the possibilities of generating estrangement and denaturalization of these social relationships.
to dream in the sense of being amazed, which is to be amazed at something you didn't know or didn't expect to be that shape So this is one of the most beautiful elements of contact with I won't think of it only logically with property it's strange people something we see in situations and practices that are not normal, right suddenly we had it as normal but wait, it's not so normal, so with form, right, we feel dissatisfied with this lack of knowledge and say situations that were so close so common it's so commonplace but in reality they are unknown well so the first one who is astonished the most resisting you doubt we are reluctant but we don't feel uncomfortable but I don't find it pleasant because it generates that desire to know more to understand everything and we reach a more complex level of doubt and that 's great, Várzea in an interview he did for his daughter that is a principle It's all true and the more doubt the better we have we can't be so sure I can't have a commitment with my certainties even more with sociological scientific terms being a dynamic area right so you have to be asking all the time fourth is I would say it was denaturalization right that it is very common for us to hear the expression this is natural reality has always been like this and this expression takes us back to what is frozen as a society reality I had no movement is I be everything is in the same way immutable in time and space is and you can do this immediate understanding is a Central role your cell phone ends is precisely the denaturalization of conceptions or explanations that are not social it is natural that the man Dominated the woman it is natural that the violent man a woman natural that a people of the most advanced poster Public Domain capable boys advanced right that the central parents of the student the peripheral countries to poster the parents dependents How natural is it that they are delaying that I always have to be subordinate since I live in the Latin American dependent country How can I build sovereignty ? Brazil has no way out because that's what Brazil is, right. In other words, the future is a country, but that future never arrives because Brazilians are lazy .
of nationality, right? The first is that we lose track of the idea of the historicity of phenomena, which means that things don't even move, history has its own dynamics, and secondly, that certain changes or historical continuity result from decisions right from which of social actions derive from interests it is not from reasons they are objective and they are human they are not the result of natural tendencies nor divine it is not you can step on it João if you want but don't leave the mind it's God present it's us together in society it's not nature it's not natural that contradicts itself they determine how am I going to make a predetermined human nature so to find strange what is already known as natural allows these apparently Evident social phenomena to reveal doubts, contradictions, excesses and arbitrariness in their composition in their form to live, right, and learn to think that emerged to use, right, effectively, the sociological imagination can make us more empathetic, more sensitive, more supportive, open to new experiences, this makes it possible to broaden the senses of criticism, right, the possibilities of thinking about new horizons, right beyond that that these immediate experiences give us we can exercise our imagination another society is possible another world is possible another way of relating to people are possible not only what is stopped I think so I think right asking the question what is surgery for me I think that's exactly what the motives are for, right, not an invitation to understand the world like this, to understand this world Ah, if only it were the best in this world and also to transform it, right, because if you understand strangers in the update, you realize with things that it would be better if it were that way, then it has enormous potential, right? That's what we think in terms social in this one no more but our sociology it is a reality so the bridge between the construction of the zoo and society was created for us to an open path to talk to people that we have these people and in this moment we live is It's extremely important that you take this kind of debate, this kind of construction of the public space, but it's not an easy path, right?
Surgery is a question because not all sociologists sociologist has this militant vocation has this more critical vocation or even even his more bolsonaro vocation here at our university the colleagues and the guys are already so inflamed so ingrained this pragmatic neoliberal and even conformist thinking that I all Christ and put aside be it just conservative and milk an order is As Florestan Fernandes said So if this path for structural transformation exists, it's not a straight line, right?
