hello, welcome here one more video of the engineering stuff today's topic is water supply system i'll create a playlist on this one with the name water supply system i 'll put there on youtube all the videos i record are you a sequence of videos, right I'm going to put it on this playlist so immediately let's go here for our presentation so here's what I'm going to present to you today, not in the next few days or weeks, it's about the water supply system . so first first class on the design of the water supply system then talk about water consumption collection of a special agency underground water collection we will enter water mains and pumping stations and then water distribution network reservoirs water solution and then network of water distribution as I said the book will be the course will be based on the book of my whole day, it's quite complete and I recommend it to anyone who works in the area and then you can buy the book, then the next one will start because it was important for us human beings, since we've placed ourselves at the top of the food chain, right, we self-styled the most important ones in the food chain, why am I important for such a powerful being equal Well, basically, it's because we don't have anything, we die, we're very afraid of death, it's nothing but these times of pandemics, right? So if we don't consume water, we just die and die fast, man, because they are human being in full health conditions under normal temperature conditions, right, not in the heat, it doesn't touch any being very high, we last five days, I don't sign without water, then we need tiago so we just so we can have one at all days consume from 2 liters and a half to three liters of water if we don't consume it we don't get the normal functions of our body so what happened in the past is we humans afraid of to die knowing that it was enough to consume water so it was natural for other people to seek proximity to the water bills, and at the time the most accessible were the superficial things, saw and lakes, so why people search for it is proximity to these water sites So that's why nowadays we have communities in cities, urban art, right from the human conglomerate, always formed on the margins or almost always on the margins these surface water currents in rivers or lakes are what we have to give a large field of this example in the large field came there at the confluence of prose stream and right secret that the junction of the two streams become there the stream river anhanduí right we have for example in the city of london the river thames ah're in Paris in sena river in rome saw can pega sao paulo river tietê here in the past it was used to supply the city today it is a canal they use sewage, and so on it has several examples of nearby cities there's always some watercourse, so as time passes, people have been gathering things and jun jun tango, right in the vicinity of these rivers and forming the cities we know today, right, I think all these minds, so what?
the growth in the number of people in these agglomerates of people began to appear , health problems began to arise , people began to get sick, so people realized the relationship of diseases is one is the way they handle this water with the way they used to collect, transport and also as they played in quotes in the water right we have an idea then this right relationship began to emerge various diseases right now here are some examples right amebiasis and giardiasis gastroenteritis typhoid schistosomiasis ascariasis, etc. lot of disease that is related to the water in other words, they are waterborne diseases like this one carried by and then it was realized that water quality is important now so at this time in human history the gen you know what proximity to water is, and now the quality of the water has changed, it's also important nowadays, in addition to preventing diseases, you know, to prevent these waterborne diseases, we also have other needs in the modern world. to have it in various uses, right use of various bus time zones of water, the population makes this water, it's all also related to economic activities, okay and to talk about that we have, I want to share with you two important concepts that have already been included in the competition.
What are the constructive water and non-consumptive uses of water? Basically, the consultative ones are those that consume a volume of water, that is, you collect water, use the water, when you return it to nature, you do not return this water in the same amount as you collected OK, so I use consumables, for example, domestic supply , since you get water from the river, you treat it deco, this area takes it to people's homes and we should move it by the river you do not return it in the same amount and also not in fact industrial supply same thing irrigation and culture no longer non-consumptive uses you use water without consuming volume in it thing power generation in hydroelectric dams part navigation of creation harmony peace a we have this right so this difference was petrobras contest I think it's great so it's interesting for you to know about the economic activity of human beings here we have some examples of daily consumption for you to have an idea to produce 1kg of bread the bread ok it's not the flour in the bread we had 150 liters of water to produce a kilo of bread and to produce a kilo of potatoes we use 100 to 200 liters of water to produce a kilo of rice consumes 1. 5 thousand liters of water 1500 liters of water a water tank and a half of water for each kilo of rice we produce, we buy a 5 kg bag at the supermarket and multiply this by 1.
5 water tanks just to see the amount of water we consume to produce a kilo of soy we consume two liters of water to produce a liter of alcohol we consume 113 liters of water for 113 this is a lot, this part of consumption and production of commodities in this food of things that are consumed like this is the poor country that makes us we produce spice products here oh microchip we produced a 32 megabyte microchip of little something nowadays, right, two grams each for each one console 16 thousand liters of water it's a lot of water, right, from 16 water tanks to produce beef, here we are , we drink from 13 to 20 thousand liters of water per kilogram of beef, so imagine every barbecue that we do In addition to the consumption of water that will be born, see how much water we consume, it's producing meat in relation to the need that also has to be met by supplying the communities, we have to produce water thinking about the ingestion, we drink the p food repair emmy house hygiene body cleaning basics toilet flushing vehicle washing and a number of other things also for commercial use for example various commercial establishments industrial water will be used both for supplement and for that right enter the composition of what that industry is doing to be sold to public uses of irrigation of gardens street washing public toilets is a source of sewer cleaning rainwater sewer supply of public building hospitals, city halls and etc. It is a lot of water that we So, at that moment, when this introduction was done, we have a notion that now history has shown us that we use quality water, we went to get it, we are close to the water and now, in modernity, we need this water for our community we can't get the world but we have to go to our faucet turn on the faucet open the faucet and a water came out of which Treated age indicates that we can drink this water, so now we are looking for comfort and in addition we have to serve a community. Water quality is people's health, it has to serve the industry as well because we also depend on the industry with God among all, it's generally right that consumer goods, food, commodities and everything else, not important, we need to produce the scale of production, we need an industrial production of water and all this industrial production, if this whole concept is going to be part of the priorities of the water supply system, right together with that principle of health of the population served, so we are more your health, right, the population needs care, correlated so here we will start after introducing it to the water supply system and for that let's start with some definitions first two definitions of the water supply system water supply system will char eriza for the removal of water from nature there when we talked about the proximity of human beings to a river with the lake, we will remove this water from nature is part of the adequacy of the quality of transport supply to the population in a quantity compatible with that the population needs hi, ok, a lot of definition is a water supply system consists of the set of works, equipment and services to bring drinking water is for use in domestic consumption industry and public service among others are two different definitions in other areas ok but I think you can get an overview of everything, so now what are the parts that are part of a water supply system, so when we talked about the collection of water in the river in the stream rio stream here we will name it spring which is a special water body or it can be underground, the well where the water is drawn from the supply, it must provide a quantity of hot water with a sufficient flow rate.
meet the water demand for this project period project period that we understand with the time for which your project was conceived and is designing a water supply system for a city today, now April 2, 2020 to we have a project period or project horizon, it is you, it has to be conceived to serve you in 10 20 or 30 years, this 10 20 or 30 years, we call this period the project period or horizon of The project is ok and the quality of this water must be adequate from a sanitary point of view, I mean we have to have quality water such that it does not harm human beings when ingested, we have drinking standards, it is a part of a discipline that you will see there in the water quality part in water treatment and we will not address here in this discipline what is a catchment, the catchment is the entire structure that is built in the source, so the set of conductors and devices and built or assembled, right near or within the source to withdraw this water to the water supply system, but we call catchment, which is a pumping station and a pumping station is a set of works and equipment that serve of support for the pumping of this water, I normally see the city, it is at a higher level than the river bill occurs and the stream river is always a lower part of the city, right, so you put its collection there in your makeup, put the pump in this collection, then we need to use a pump to pump the water, it just goes down, right, it goes to the law of gravity where God says it never goes up alone without you injecting energy into this water, right then you inject energy into this water through a lift station or from a love then the final 40 game of the press water ritual pump load taken a lower quota one gives a higher quota press water for the next unit in the case a sewage treatment plant and this pumping station can be raw water if it is pumping water that has not yet been treated and it can be treated water if it is combining treated water it can have some busters are also equipment that increases a little the flow capacity and the pressure capacity of these networks there in the lifts is always the water is always conducted with penstock under pressure ok what becomes a pipeline is a part of the chair about conducting water between units that precedes the redistribution then it is before the city, these big conduits, big tubes, we call the water mains ok, these water mains don't distribute, they don't carry water to people's houses, they transport water in which unit of the system is good water so now it held the consumer but they can in case there are derivations, right bifurcations, then for the study of water mains, okay, I would like six, the water treatment plant, right, it's a set of civil construction work units electromechanical, etc to treat water that is you here take raw water of nature you will pump this water up to the water treatment plant which has a number of structures for there is to standardize this water means to put the water of nature not enough quality for a human being to be able to consume ok water treatment plant is a discipline is the part you go here is the water supply system two i solve the reservoir is the reservoir is the element of the water distribution system is for regulate the flow rates between the adduction and distribution flow, so what do you have, you have the adduction flow and it is the capacity of your system to catch the water from nature there in the spring there through its catchment there through your pump so this is the capacity of its adduction system to capture water is another thing, the distribution is another thing, the demand and need for water that the population has, are these two amounts of water and these two differences in water flow they happen because you collect water from nature, which is your sewage treatment plant and you have a treated water production flow with a lot of ground consumption, it is not constant, right, if you think about the day of Today of you who made you if you slept at night how can you sleep right you slept at night first woke up you are going to brush your teeth go take a shower go make a coffee go have your breakfast on normal days you go out to work alright I go to work it's not the consumption in your low house and then at lunchtime, whoever can go home for lunch with all that water consumption to make lunch, right? And then come back to work on a normal day and then return home at night, there's all that consumption of bath water and it's right there so the consumption you already demand is not constant what happens when it is consumed is greater than the water production capacity, there is no water there, so in this case do not enter the reservoir in action when that is to say , the water treatment plant producing an amount of water that the engine sends , for example, when the water consumption, for example, at dawn is lower than the water being supplied, the reservoir fills the benfica full when people with the rope when they start to consume more water than the capacity of the water treatment plant is to supply water, when consumption is greater than the capacity, this difference comes from where the reservoir came from, so the reservoir has this function to equalize these differences in flow is good besides it also provides pressure in the network when it is accepted it is a quota above the water tank of people's water tanks ok then it supplies pressure to the network the movement of water within the network can happen ok distribution i set of pipes that pass there in front of your house or in October, the water is under the asphalt or is it under the sidewalk, and that's where you are talking about, we connect this dih network stribution to our easel by our meter, so enjoy piping of accessory organ designed to put drinking water to wife 12 continuously in sufficient quantity and pressure. in addition to the piping part there are valve valves and a series of accessory organs are complete in the redistribution and here we have an excuse, we're not corona, I'm talking a lot here, we have an example and let me see if I get my little fisherman one and here we have an example of a plant with a profile you already feel there is a watercourse there and we have our watercourse there that our water source we have our catchment part, that whole structure with pump here, now we have our pumping station this way is it can be done here inside the catchment, necessarily outside ok, we have our doctor drops it is pressurized piping that leads to our water treatment plant it is here you that a special discipline fic about water treatment it's the water treatment plant which can also probably have a pumping station inside it I loved it pumps the treated water and goes to the reservoir is what makes that flow marking that goes to people in the redistribution and the flow that it arrives from the water treatment plant ok and here at the bottom we have a profile, it is not a cut here so we can have a structure like this here where you collect water, the water is pumped at the detection station, ok well [ __ ] what is the water treatment plant in this case here it is higher than the city?
It would be a very interesting thing, a dream for sanitation companies, ok and where would the gravity pipeline to a reservoir would distribute the city it would be a dream if you already spend electricity just to pump water from the watercourse with this air control then you would have capture from one hydrographic basin putting it to another hydrographic basin in Campo Grande it just happens that this pumping on the side of Guariroba is more or less 30 km away and here in the city we also have several pumps and here in the other one another supply scheme also the same thing the water heating but here we also have the feeling in yours of something more or less the same as the same bill and after these water treatment you have a pumping to an elevated reservoir system, so here you fire treated water with an elevated reservoir system this The reservoir has that function of marking the ratio of the city and the water treatment plant, which has a volume a little smaller than its main function here is to provide pressure for the city. Here we have another scheme that is after the treatment plant of water, you can have a reservoir from which it should be pumped to an upper part of the city and from that reservoir you can put a reservoir for a city in a lower part of the city. so you have to take the water from a lower part with the higher part you necessarily need it in the lifting station when you go from a higher part to i think you're not me nor need more victory rock probably this conduct that is forced too your blood pressure, there's no lift but it's just a few forced, ok and here's a curiosity of practical life and for the next time this hole here in the surgery book, ok, it's very old, as the prices of a work of a system of water supply this varies in terms of percentage so for a city with a population of less than 10,000 you will spend around thirty percent of your leg I can do it to build the catchment will adopt eight percent pumping you percent can treat this water twelve percent and for distribution 38 percent so kiss the adduction catchment it is almost the same price as the redistribution now we move here to a city with more than 100,000 inhabitants Before the fundraising, it represents an internal three percent of the post of your hiia network curiosities church around seventy-six percent what does that mean man when you're designing one and when you're designing for a small town the owner of the contract who you hired it will fill the bag for you cheapen the capture adduction treatment okay when you're doing a project that a city of big guy will you fill the bag for you to download cost here O distribution and here will come pressure on top of you for you to do the workarounds in the network, it stays and you can't give in to it, make a network with minimal excavation, try to use smaller diameter to try cheaply and seventy-six percent here in the city it's small the guy will want to capture a sandbag with a hook then you'll have to withstand this type of pressure ok it's just a little bit of the experience I've already had and then continuing to study the design of a supply system ent of water what comes before maybe is studying maybe it is the most important part it is from a project I said that today water supply for a city is ok so here i will show you the step by step that is in the book ok but do you think that I have it 's not exactly as it's in the book, okay, so I need to design a TV about water heating , it's necessary to develop a series of activities, these activities are agreed upon at the time of hiring, winning the cell phone keyboard technician engineer or of the company, when being hired, it will all be written in a term of reference, which are basically the rules with which the project or conception must be done, okay, so it's like a manual to meet different needs and make you buy one thing and the cell phone the cell phone if you buy it if you have the brand its model if you buy it at an abcd store it's the same thing now everything water supply system design any other pr oject if you asked for a price with one company, ask another for another and another for another, the prices can be very different, ok and for a different time you make it clear that you know how to find, ok, there is no term of reference written there, so first we need to do the design study it is not the executive project yet, ok so you have to have a good notion of the characterization of your area ok you have to be the physical characteristics, where do you have a location map nowadays in our case software from those around main roads relief topography access geology and vegetation and catchment area for you to see which is best place to collect water for you to see where you will get more water for when you will hand you will put elevating day that's right, nor this is it here is easy to obtain this is expensive selbst taxi I'll tell you that in one hundred percent of the projects I've participated in I've participated in many projects and none of them the person had a topographic survey location map is at the level of you being able to do the project so every time there is internet there is a topography team if necessary this is expensive and expensive depending on the size what topography it it will cost you around 1500 r$2000 per day per day and field survey and depending on the size of the city it will take you months to do it, so it's a very expensive and very important part as well and continuing here in the characterization we all you need to know about the use and land occupation so you will have to in the city behind the municipal and regional master plans because they are the rules of what you can not do in the city, ok, you will have to have identification of environmentally protected areas or a restriction on use that promises will to be in these master plans ok you have to know all the land occupation you can't project the presence project something that it won't allow you you can build social aspects with the activity brazil with names characteristics market characteristics income distribution socioeconomic indicator Basically what you try to do is define which places in the city where you will have more hearing in the water area so you can better scale your network, ok If you have some infrastructure, sanitary conditions, water supply, what will your population be served today and then in the future, it is your project horizon, necessary statistical data and what is the service rate?
the trend is the universalization that we have has to serve 100 percent of the people ok, you have to know the volume produced and etc. you have to know where your sewerage network or the existing sewerage network will pass through. that's how the solid waste part works, right the drainage networks etc and if you have to know the existing infrastructure, then it's also you You have to know the licensing situation, how will the licensing procedure be, the granting situation of these temples and capture the water where you are intending drainage system flood control canalization dam all this you have to be aware we are have to know exactly where you are and exactly your back, the dimensions and dimensions of everything torch, you have to have very good topography and cadastral survey here is very reliable is the health, right, infant mortality rate for you to make your statistics on the occurrence of deaths from diseases of water transmission this one is very important because you can monitor the is sure is right is right is 100 percent sure to happen that once you put these diseases in the water supply system the disease index will show everything will reduce it in the second stage when you puts the sewage network further reduces it so it's interesting this here road system urban transport paved streets do not feed because you have different costs of implementing the water supply metering on a busy street it's nothing apart from electricity also what is the tariff number of connections to all of this you need to know okay, you have to know all the elements of existing systems, everything that the topography surveyed you will put it in the digital file and you will only get it is the digital one with all the necessary information knowing everything you have to divert where you have an electric bill where you have to watch because there are many looks of buses to understand the zeze you are on which side of the street you're better to pass the net ok description of all units so normally I say it I always say there is no percent of the projects I participated in was not one network without percent of zero was not a complement in fact I've already participated in a small village project so if you have water it's going to be a waterfall.
water pump with a lot of hoses that are for cities like a project from scratch but you have to know all the units because most of the time you will complement the project, expand it, so we have a network old connected to a new one, a poor new one of a road network and then you have to know everything right, like the process diameter capacity by the button take time and etc. ok and then you have to simulate calculating all this as if it were a system now okay, I already have to make the milk, then this diagnosis of the system, right, verification of the capacity , conservation aspects , the pump does not work, what is the model that the power is, performance difficulties and then you will have attended the population served number service regularity supply from the sector everything that we have a term of reference, you will have to seek information to be able to meet, so we have a survey of all existing plans, what I say in this you have to know what the rules of the game are in the municipality where you are doing the project, everything you can in the one that cannot, where you can and where you can't, you will do demographics, you need statistical census data, you will do the juice, but we are going to come here how do we make this population forecast for the future you go to the field you go to the local neighborhood to serve how everything works the evolution of the soil zoning of the city and etc.
