too many unanswered questions I agree and then of course we have chapter four this black hole at the beginning of time SpaceTime Singularity indeed imagine questions that have troubled the greatest Minds for centuries Mysteries that stretch our understanding of space time and existence itself these are some of the biggest questions that keep astrophysicists up at night let's unravel these Mysteries one by one planets Stars galaxies everything visible comprises less than 5% of the universe the rest it's dominated by entities known as dark matter and dark energy which make up about 25% and 70% of the
universe respectively dark matter is unlike anything we can see or touch it doesn't emit absorb or reflect light its presence is inferred from the gravitational effects it has on visible matter without Dark Matter galaxies would fling apart the gravitational pull from visible matter alone isn't sufficient to hold them together this invisible substance exerts a gravitational force thereby shaping the structure of the universe we detect the existence of dark matter through its gravitational influence on light bending it this bending known as gravitational lensing acts as a cosmic magnifying glass revealing the presence of this dark substance
although we can't see Dark Matter directly its interaction with gravity confirms its existence and it is there in vast amounts dark energy on the other hand is even more elusive its effects are visible in the universe's accelerated expansion in 1929 Edwin Hubble discovered that distant galaxies were receding faster than nearer ones a phenomenon evident from the red shift in their light this expansion isn't slowing down as previously thought it's speeding up driven by dark energy this mysterious Force making up most of the universe acts contrary to gravity and is intrinsic to space itself the more
space expands the stronger Dark Energy becomes it's as if this energy is a property of space not a physical substance continuously generating more space while we have several hypotheses about dark matter and dark energy from exotic particles to a property of space itself no Theory yet fully explains their nature this Frontier of science while understandably frustrating marks the limits of our current knowledge as we explore these Uncharted Cosmic territories these Mysteries indicate just how much we have yet to learn reminding us that we are merely at the beginning stages of exploring the immense Cosmic [Music]
ocean in our universe the most unassuming substances often hold the keys to the biggest mysteries among these antimatter isn't just a mysterious substance used in science fiction movies it represents one of the most baffling puzzles in physics why does anything exist at [Music] all for every particle that exists there is an anti-particle it's mirror opposite in charge and spin but identical in every other way electrons have positrons protons have antiprotons when matter and antimatter meet they annihilate each other releasing pure energy in the form of photons and leaving nothing behind if this perfect symmetry prevailed
the universe should have self-destructed moments after the big bang leaving nothing but light yet our very presence confirms that didn't happen matter exists we can touch it see it and live in it this leads to an inevitable question why is there more matter than antimatter this imbalance known as the matter antimatter asymmetry problem suggests that during the universe's Inception conditions favored the production of matter slightly more than antimatter for every billion pairs of particles and antiparticles that annihilated each other one particle of matter was left unpaired leading to the universe as We Know It This
slight favoritism implies a fundamental asymmetry in the laws of physics particularly in How the Universe treats matter versus antimatter the standard model of particle physics though incredibly successful does not account for this asymmetry experiments like those conducted at CERN with the alpha experiment and the Alina facility aim to trap anti-hydrogen and compare Its Behavior to hydrogen by measuring how anti-hydrogen atoms respond to gravitational fields and testing their spectral lines with unprecedented Precision scientists probe the very foundations of modern physics they are not just testing properties of antimatter but the underlying symmetries of space and time
themselves our current models of physics are incomplete they falter at fully explaining why the universe prefers matter to antimatter why we exist and why there is something rather than nothing the observable universe spanning 46 billion light years in all directions is just the beginning Beyond this Cosmic boundary lies the unobservable universe which might be infinitely larger and utterly unseeable due to the limits of light and time here's what could lie beyond the universe may extend endlessly filled with a potentially infinite number of galaxies this Infinite Space could mirror the part we can see with matter
repeating across a boundless space creating an eternal pattern of Galaxy clusters and voids alternatively if the universe curves back on itself like a higher dimensional sphere traveling far enough in One Direction might eventually bring you back to your starting point this closed Universe suggests a cosmos that is both finite and borderless as the universe expands accelerated by dark energy it stretches space itself causing galaxies to recede faster than light can travel this expansion not only seals off the far reaches of the cosmos but also ensures that they remain forever hidden from us what lies Beyond
is likely an extensive possibly infinite stretch of galaxies star systems and phenomena that could drastically differ from the physics we [Music] know black holes regions where gravity is so intense that nothing nothing can escape are some of the most fascinating objects in the universe the center of a black hole known as The Singularity is where the known laws of physics cease to function due to infinite density and gravity the journey into a black hole passes through the Event Horizon the ultimate point of no return Beyond this all theories become speculative but general relativity suggests that
space and time swap roles inside this boundary all paths lead inevitably to the singularity a point where traditional dimensions of space and time collapse entirely at the singularity density and gravity reach their Peak theorized as infinite the crushing forces are unimaginable and would disintegrate any physical matter daring to approach here the equations of physics as we know them break down we understand that at this core the curvature of SpaceTime becomes infinite and all mass is crushed into an infinitely small Point describing a black hole might seem simple as they are defined by just three properties
Mass charge and angular momentum however the conundrum known as the black hole information Paradox arises because according to Quantum Mechanics information cannot be lost this paradox marks a fundamental clash between general relativity and quantum theory as information falling into a black hole appears to vanish contradicting Quantum principles venturing Beyond The Event Horizon theoretically leads to some of the most bizarre realities some theories propose that black holes could be gateways to other parts of the universe or different universes entirely a concept often depicted through the idea of a wormhole however such scenarios Venture into the realm
of speculative physics with no empirical evidence yet in essence the center of a black hole remains a place of intense theoretical interest and extreme physical conditions it represents one of the most extreme environments in the universe where the known laws of physics are not just broken but shattered as we strive to understand the forces at play Within These monstrous objects black holes continue to challenge our understanding of the fundamental fabric of reality [Music] the Genesis of everything we know begins with the big bang a Monumental burst of reality as we understand it where time space
and matter were all conceived in a singular defining moment despite its name the Big Bang wasn't an explosion in space but rather an expansion of space itself at the instant of this event the universe was infinitesimally small hot and dense from this fiery beginning the universe stretched and cooled laying down the fundamental structures of stars and galaxies we observe today despite the latest findings from the James web Space Telescope the evidence supporting the Big Bang as the origin of our universe Remains unshakable The Big Bang posits that the Universe started as a point or Singularity
and has been expanding ever since as it expanded it cooled transitioning from a state of incomprehensible heat where particles and antiparticles spawned and were annihilated quickly this era saw the universe's temperature Dro sufficiently for quarks to come together forming protons and neutrons which then gave rise to to atoms most of the universe's matter was created during this time matter that builds everything from stars to planets to humans an important discovery that provides a snapshot of the infant universe is the cosmic microwave background radiation a thermal Remnant from the time atoms first formed about 380,000 years
after the big bang this Relic radiation is what remains of that Primal heat with a panoramic image of the universe at its birth The Big Bang Theory offers a robust explanation for the observable universe's Origins yet it also introduces profound Mysteries what preceded the Big Bang is our universe unique or merely one of many in an infinite Multiverse these questions challenge our understanding of natural laws suggesting the universe's Origins and ultimate fate might be bound by Frameworks and theories yet to be discovered as we continue to explore these Cosmic Mysteries we find ourselves peering not
just into space but also back in time drawing ever closer to that primordial moment of creation yet the more we learn the more it seems the universe guards its Secrets perhaps the ultimate question remains just Out Of Reach are we indeed the universe questioning its own existence
