FILME | A Bolsa ou a Vida, 2021.

IN MEMORIAM OF ANA MARGARIDA, COMRADE OF DREAMS AND FIGHTS. WE LIVE IN A COUNTRY WHOSE GOVERNMENT SUFFOCATES EDUCATION, SCIENCE, CULTURE AND ART. AN IRRESPONSIBLE ECONOMIC POLICY HAS INCREASED UNEMPLOYMENT. OUT OF BRAZIL'S 206 BILLIONAIRES, 48 COME FROM THE FINANCIAL SECTOR AND PRODUCE NOTHING BUT PAPER. ANOTHER 1.2 MILLION MISERABLE PEOPLE ARE TO BE EXPECTED THIS YEAR. THE BRUTALITY OF OUR TIMES IS VISIBLE IN THE STREETS, WHERE FAMILIES THAT ONCE HAD HOMES ARE TRYING TO SURVIVE. WHILE THE GOVERNMENT INCITES CIVIL WAR AND COUNTS MORE THAN 500,000 DEATHS BY COVID-19 WITHOUT REMORSE, UNIONS, CLASS ENTITIES AND CULTURAL WORKERS PRODUCED,

IN A COLLABORATIVE WAY, THIS FILM-MANIFESTO, A DOCUMENT OF AN ERA. I THANK ALL OF OUR PARTNERS FOR THE LIBERTY I HAD IN MY WORK. FILMMAKER SILVIO TENDLER AND CALIBAN PRODUCTION COMPANY ARE ENTIRELY RESPONSIBLE FOR THIS PIECE. BRAZIL, JULY 2021 SILVIO TENDLER Your rights, your rights They negotiated your rights Company, negotiate Killer mentality Your rights, They negotiated your rights Company, negotiate, company, negotiate Liquid relationships from a harsh past Resulting from technological advances It pours into the sea in a cold night They're big companies Killer mentality Sign the paper, it's already done They negotiated your rights Buying

votes, negotiate the Amazon Staying there is the soul of the business, that's the issue. Tell me who are the associates turning this country into a fucking business? The wrecks are ours, not theirs Find the end of the rope cut the tie, make the bomb. The right to your share PUSH THE CATTLE THROUGH Relationships crushed by standards and contradictions We're not together, but we're close The face of who's quiet Politics is the trade My verses go back and forth. Master Parteum was right, the thinking is broken, There won't be any left, Black Alien, Maybe on the

second time around, We'll value life instead of being just another one My love, where did we go wrong? Who was negotiating? The standard didn't kill us but it set us apart, I'd like to meet you. Government's a murderer Negotiations, relationships, contradictions They kill you in the standards, The company states. It's all about business in every corner. You don't play this game of orders. THE WORLD'S 25 TOP BILLIONAIRES INCREASED THEIR WEALTH IN $255 BILLIONS DURING PANDEMIC'S FIRST THREE MONTHS BRAZIL HAS VACANCIES IN COFFIN FACTORIES AMIDST RECORD UNEMPLOYMENT NOT EVEN COVID-19 PANDEMIC CAN STOP THE AGRIBUSINESS 20

BRAZILIAN ENTER FORBES' BILLIONAIRES RANKING TECH GIANTS PAY 76% LESS INCOME TAXES IN BRAZIL THE MAJORITY WILL RECEIVE R$ 150 FROM THE NEW EMERGENCY AID Caliban Presents THE STOCK OR LIFE A FILM BY SILVIO TENDLER Dance, forest, with strength. Ancestry. Before I was born, I was rain, I was wind, I was river. I was land. After I received Aquitiparré's blow, I became human. I was fed by my grand mother with the fruits given by Namãtuyky I am mura. My body and spirit are fed with muquém, purple yams, Heart of palm, purui, urucuri. I am my indigenous

grandmother. Kainanã Kainari, Karacapitu tum tum, Along with the caravels, came the imposition of a way of being, a way of seeing, and of knowledge that wasn't connected to our ways of being and living. We must sink those caravels. It's no wonder I like Tarantino's movies Because he always blows up all colonizers all oppressors. Oh, mama Come here and see With the tip of the line the cobreiro will sow If no one can beat me, they won't beat you If no one can beat me, they won't beat you Oh, mama Snake plant opens the path to

run Ruta drives it all away, the guiné herb will protect Brazil's born out of land trespass. The original people produced and had already much wealth. That wealth was not accounted by capital. The invasion happens in such a way that it allows not only the exploitation of that wealt When I say "wealth", I mean all of it, nature, the rivers, the forest. As a sequence to this past, to this process, slavery is installed. This slavery also produced much wealth. Slavery is, economically speaking, one of the phenomenons that produced the most wealth. How were favelas created? Slaves

that would run away, they’d go up the hills to create their kilombos, their tribe, their hood. And the runaways. Who'd go after them? The bush captains. Who were the bush captains? They were the oppressors that were children of the oppressed... Actually, they were oppressed who'd oppress in the name of oppressors. Who's the police nowadays? For who does it work for? It's no longer for the mill lords, but they're still lords of sorts, magnates and so on. The police's wonderful for those who are on the street level. At the favela, it's a bush captain. So, nothing

has changed. Everything's the way it used to be, but with a twist. The Brazilian worker the wage earner, sometimes it's not even a wage, he's nothing but a modern time slave. That's the truth. That's my normal ritual, I worship nature. The rock's one of my protecting mothers. Xangô's rock is justice. Xangô my father Leave that rock there Xangô, my father Leave that rock there Oxalá's calling you Leave that rock there The two sides of the coin. A single mine consumes 170 thousand gallons of clean water by the hour, twenty four hours a day, in a

National natural monument. This volume could supply water for the city hundreds of times. Wake up, boy in the sand Get up and come play Get out of that water already That is salted from tears We're also talking about human beings, about dignity of life, about communities. about stories, about people who use plants. All of that only exists here because of this reality. To end it, it's not only about ending this physical environment, which is already overwhelming, because it's an impressive landscape. But it's ending people's history, it's ending the way a healer uses a certain kind

of herb, it's ending some teas that heal people, it's ending places you pass by, it's ending the water you drink, but it's not only about the human being. It's ending a life that is important itself. Some people, struggle to understand Earth is a living organism. They think all other beings we call irrational, animals, plants, fauna, flora, are here for us to chop, punch and grind. Everything around us is available for us to prey, to consume. This idea is absolutely opposite to understanding the Earth is alive and it can react to our choices. We've made many

wrong choices. Now the planet's heating up. If we reach 2°C above what we lived in the 20th century, we'll toast. People will go out and fry on the street. We are turning into unwanted beings, actually. The core of mother Earth, which is a place of life, has turned into death inducing entrails. What are the viruses? Mother Earth being poisoned, degraded, raped, and now, what's left for us? It's the consequence of this fairly serious poisoning process. For me, our civilization has exhausted itself. Hey, Mister. Does your coffin have drawers to carry your stuff? Beware, Mister. Gold's

weight will get too heavy. And then you won't reach the sky. If I work day and night making deliveries, will I ever get to buy a place like that? You couldn't see it. It was a girl my age driving that car, a Jeep I guess. I assure you she hasn't worked to buy that car. I find it funny when I'm at an academic space, for instance, and a playboy with this kind of car shows up and says he's tired. What are you tired of, man? You don't even have to work. But it's fucked up. Working

and studying nurtures my class hatred a lot. Neo-liberalism is not only an economic system. It is a system of culture and thoughts. If I'm more clever, I've got an advantage. If I'm more clever, and I pull a fast one on someone, I score. There's a saying my grand-mother used to say, "Who cuts and allots and doesn't take a lot, is either ill or has no skill." What's that skill? Corruption. Advantage. So, from the moment there's suffering, Pain and uncertainty, what's the advantage I can take out of this? THE STOCK AND THE STATE What happens in

a country where most people don't have this initial wealth to invest? They don't have land capital, technological capital, machines, or intellectual capital, knowledge. Those people start being dependents on those who have the capital. That 1% who owns 50% of land. That 1% who owns 99% of goods and accumulated property. That 1% who dominates the machines and the financial sector. The State's the one acting on behalf of all people, with wealth from all people, to generate wealth that must be distributed to all people. Besides, the State's the one that has the power of imposing a swift

in wealth distribution. It's not about fighting over Minimal State and so forth. That's ideological nonsense. Today China works. Producing shirts, cars, all of that stuff is up with the private sector. But health, education, security, leisure, culture, and so on, they have a strong public dimension, the environment as well. It's about knowing who does what better. It's economic sound judgment. In the United States they call it "nanny state", a paternal state. "I'm grown up, I don't need that." That's crooked. Some stuff must be available to all people, that's basic. Joan Robinson, she was one of Keyne's

disciples, considered as 20th century's best economist. She has two sentences that are very interesting to our debate. The first one says Economy's too important to be restricted to economists. The second Joan Robinson's quote I think is interesting bringing here is, "It's necessary to learn Economics, not to be fooled by economists." It's very important for Economy to be seen as choices, there isn't one single economic policy or decision. And there's no neutrality, all economic decisions have winners and losers. The challenge, however, is to articulate society's living forces to bring forward an economic policy which doesn't benefit

exclusively rentiers and their allies, but most of Brazilian society. We can have a different political project from the one out there. A project that is more inclusive, that grants national sovereignty. And that brings back the industrialization matter, Unlike some people who say industrialization was a characteristic of the 20th century and that in the 21st century what we see is a hegemony in the tertiary sector. "Just leave it, we are done with industrialization." But that's not what we see in countries such as China. But it needs planning, political commitment and there must be a project. A

sovereign nation project so we can move forward. We need to build our infrastructure, we need to build housing, we need to build a productive chain for the health system, we need to rebuild the shipbuilding industry. We have today in Brazil, even though they're unemployed Highly qualified professionals. We have high quality engineering. The country's being dismantled for peanuts. Under the privatization radar, there are strategical companies of water and energy supply and post service. Even during the pandemic, some defend the privatization of the unified health system. Until when will public banks financing government's social programs resist? Without

them, bankruptcy will be massive. We rely on the clients demand, and on fulfilling our worker duties. For instance, Yesterday I got to the health center at 11 pm. I got there late because I was working. I have an aching inflammation on the neck, it hurts a lot to put the helmet on and off. But that's it, I have a responsibility to fulfil. And... And there's nothing I can do. I just tried going to... going to a gas station, so I could use the restroom, but they didn't let me use it. And now I really need

to pee, I have another delivery and I'll try to find another gas station To once again try to use the restroom without having to buy anything. Watching the economic news sometimes seems maddening. First, they happily announce the growth of the GPD, and then how the economy has weakened. We have an increased unemployment coming along with an increase in formal jobs in the same month. Then, they talk about distribution of food to the unemployed. You know, even if you have no investments, if the stock market went up or down. Let me tell you something. The Financial

Times wrote this: "Radical reforms..." This is the Financial Times editorial. "Radical reforms, Reversing the prevailing political direction of the last four decades." therefore, liberalism, minimal state, etc. "Those will need to be placed on the table. Governments will have to accept a more active role in the economy." So that's not a minimum state. "Public services must be seen as investments." Therefore, not like expenses. The whole state revolves around collecting money from the poorest, through taxes, and giving that money to the richest through the rent interest in the financial market. We live in a reality with the

maximum state for the rich, even in times of crisis, when the richest ask for help from the government, and we split their losses with trillions of aid, trillions for the banks, but the poorest get the minimal state. And what do they want now? For the state to be even smaller. In other words, no state whatsoever for the poor, that's what they believe. But there's a problem with this. This is a war that is fought with rules defined by those who have the biggest weapons. There's so many reforms. Tax reform. Administrative reform. Labor reform. Everything to

fork people's money. What the Brazilian bourgeoisie is doing is undermining the possibilities for the state to make investments. Well, if there's no state investment, who will we turn to? To the sacred private enterprise. And then, when the private sector puts itself in this position of the saviors of the country with their investments, we start thinking: "Then how will that be?" So the Brazilian bourgeoisie says: "It's coming as soon as the labor reform is passed." "It's coming as soon as the tax reform is passed." "It's coming as soon as the administrative reform is passed." And while

we pass those reforms, and they don't get near the ones with the privileges, and while they do not change the structures of poverty and misery in Brazil, we'll keep waiting for the bourgeoisie to give us jobs, for them to show up in their shining white horse. I'm just afraid I'll die waiting for this moment. The government's economic policy went wild. The richest are getting richer still at the expense of the misery of others. Increase in real estate and financial speculation. There is more than enough money to heat up the luxury boat market. Now, the richest

1% owns nearly half of the country's total wealth. It's a dystopian scenario, because I don't believe that democracy, even this low-intensity democracy that we live in, will withstand what will happen in this scenario. Because countries went into debt to face this pandemic. They don't charge taxes, due to liberalism, they don't allow people to be taxed. Financial capital continues to be a casino, the casino economy, the only one that still thrives. The financial capital goes up, the economy goes down. This is typical of the casino economy, without any concern for people's lives, and with the economy

of the country, right? And, therefore, the situation is that countries will have to pay their debts and they will have to pay according to the rules that exist today. They will have to cut more social policies and more public policies. The second scenario is the one we see nowadays, The one that's most described, proposed by, say, smarter sectors of capital. And there will be a certain return of the state, the state will once again be a little more important in the economy, but deep down nothing changes. I mean, nothing important will change. And that's what

makes me think there's a third scenario, and this isn't me picturing it, it's in the environmental campaigns, in the students' campaigns, in Greta Thunberg's campaigns, everyone today is talking about the need to resolve the climate issue and, obviously, the danger it means for human life to continue... Not only for human life, but also for the planet in general, If we continue down this road. And this third scenario is what I call the alternative scenario. A post-capitalist alternative, a post-colonial and post-patriarchal alternative. The people are dancing along to the financial jingles. LIFE AND FINANCIALIZATION There's a

very important question people don't ask themselves: where their money goes when they put their money in the bank. Or, in other words, what are you paying for with your money? That is, even if you are an investor, or if your money is lying around in your checking account in one of these big banks, like Itaú, Bradesco, Santander, or any other, and you think your money is just sitting there, but it's not. This money of yours has already been lent again, has been used to buy a shareholding on behalf of the bank in some company, and

often it's being used to fund a business in which you don't believe, such as, for example, your money being lent to someone really poor at interest rates of 200, 300% per year, and creating financial slaves, who'll work for the rest of their lives just to pay up the interest, and getting none of that wealth they created. Or, for example, your money is being used To fund the purchase of more land for a huge plantation, and you are yourself a small farmer. Your money is being used to fund a new factory for a huge meat packing

company, and you are vegan. Your money is being used for a new gun factory in the country, and you are simply against this policy of arming the population. But you don't know any of that, there's no transparency in the process. I think financial capitalism, this casino capitalism took advantage of the pandemic, and it is taking advantage of the pandemic. The big fortunes, the big multinational companies are not currently willing to pay more, To contribute or limit their power. Are states willing to do the same, embrace a global tax inspection, for example, with taxes to control

financial speculation? Before the pandemic, there were many people calling for a tax system to curb global speculation, the famous Tobin tax, for example. A minimum rate that controls financial speculation, which was not achieved. LIFE AND THE PANDEMONIUM Our people are made from the sum of all colors and ethnicities. What is really saddening is having the poor being excluded, Those who work hard to build and keep the country on its feet. Our utopia is for everyone to have dignity, especially those who have nothing. Capitalism continually creates inequality. Both when it grows and when it is in

crisis. Inequality always grows. If there is not, let's say, a political decision to face this, to, let's say, counteract these disputes, inequality will keep growing. See, at the time of the Brazilian Miracle, when the economy grew a lot, at 10%, inequality also grew. Then came a period of stagnation and inequality also increased. In this period of great crisis, it has also grown. So, inequality only decreases when there is a very strong determination from a progressive government to swim against the current. And the usual current of capitalism is to create and recreate inequality. I insist. I

insist! Who is this market guy who keeps talking about us all the time, but doesn't put food on our table? From 2020 to 2021, the Brazilian's average income fell by 10%. Meat is now 38% more expensive in supermarkets. We have 14 million people unemployed. We don't have statistics of those who are dying of starvation, unemployed or homeless. But the market God praises the agribusiness for the GDP. To recover the Brazilian economy, suspension of debts of micro, small and medium companies, credit cards at zero interest, interest-free renegotiation for 24 months minimum. Let the Central Bank stop

remunerating the banks' surplus cash. Let money circulate in the economy again. That means the number of billionaires on the planet could eliminate poverty overnight sevenfold. With the wealth and accumulated money that exists in the world, There would no longer be poverty sevenfold. What does it mean to have no poverty sevenfold? It's that everyone could have a decent living condition. A decent human life. So, I believe that thinking about development involves thinking about what cannot exist in our society. And billionaires shouldn't exist. There cannot be a concentration of wealth that will not be spent during the

lifetime of one human being and their descendants. Liberalism multiplied misery in the world. And from all corners of the Earth, people flee in search of paradise. Wake up, little boy on the sand Get up and come here to play Get out of that water right away This water is salty with tears And even to think about my own father, who spent his life away at work. He basically lived for his work. When you come from a lower social class, and you hope that your children can reach some social or economic positions that you yourself were

deprived of, you struggle a lot, he always struggled a lot. It's really sad to think he lived, but didn't really, you know? He had few moments of leisure, like most of the working class, who have so many responsibilities. I think we can't accept a routine of exploration and be glad we have barbecues on Saturdays, you know? It's very sad to think that he's lived a rather long life, full of love all around, but the economic conditions made him always be out there working. How can I admit that we live in a democracy while there's people

having no food and others having too much? And the fundamental right that Brazilian democracy Has denied to some is the right to life. And when I talk about the right to life, I'm not talking about being alive or dead. That's not what I'm talking about. I'm talking about life, dignity, housing, health policy, education, sanitation. And that's what the poor don't have and, consequently, these poor people are black. This is the thought that inspires capital. The thought that feeds capital. on the sidewalk you don't sleep, on the sidewalk you nap. but you never know if the

other is maybe abstinent. See, the day before yesterday a little lady died there. Because of two crack users. Usually people worry about housing taxes, vehicle taxes and whatnot. But out here we don't worry about that. We're worried about taking a shower, when we're gonna wash our clothes. We get our food from garbage cans. That's the reality, the naked truth. For the Mr. Fancy Suit, it's all wonderful. It should be an obligation to provide dignity for these people, because the police is dispatched after them, ordering people to gather up their source of income from the sidewalk.

It is not to help. It's to get in their way. This is cowardly, man. It's cowardly to do this to the workers. You have to chase criminals, not workers just earning an honest living. And they come back and take our products. -It's from a donation. -They're working, man! This is ridiculous. We're working here. If you look at a tree, it's a living structure, it's self-forming, self-maintaining, working under the paradigm of abundance. Consumers benefit from the abundance of producers, but in an extraordinarily modest, humble way. That is, consumers take from that abundance only what they need.

This paradigm of nature has been violated in human structures. It's been violated, introducing then another paradigm that arose from a mistaken and partial reading of the biological evolution, from Darwinism, let's say. The paradigm of selfishness. Individualism and selfishness. That is, you're going to absorb from the world and from people and from what you do, as much as you can, in total exuberance. This paradigm of selfishness, which is a crooked interpretation of Darwinism, has generated these cancerous hypertrophies we see, That we call, and it has a name, it's called a capitalist economy. What's the cost of

life In the financial casino? Whoever chooses the stock market Loses their life and the money What's the cost of life In the financial casino? Whoever chooses the stock market Loses their life and the money Life in this world It starts by ripping apart Getting the bag ripped apart It starts by ripping apart Getting the bag ripped apart The first choice has already been made It starts by ripping apart Getting the bag ripped apart The bag of life Nobody owns the water. Nobody should own the land or the food, because, in a moment of scarcity, everything

becomes collective. We cannot lose our tenderness. We lost it and the left often lost their tenderness. The fight cannot harden us. That's why even today I get emotional, even today I cry seeing the pain and suffering of our people. Do you know what happened Saturday? We had a large charity activity with homeless people. Then a very dirty young man came by, in terrible clothes, disheveled hair, fully-bearded. And I told this guy: "Come here, son, do you want to eat? Know that your face is the face of Jesus." The poor are not only criminalized for being

poor, we discriminate against them because we already suspect they will be potential offenders. The name for that is aporophobia. Fear and hatred for the poor. Inequality is not natural. We are living, we might say, the reverse legend of Robin Hood. Stealing from the poor to give to the rich. Why is the worker so battered down? So badly mistreated? We have no more jobs. We have no more work. Who gets to win with this? We're worth nothing. Nothing. We've seen this in the pandemic. One, two months in, people no longer had anything to eat, because they

couldn't go to work to buy their food. Then, hunger struck. Despair knocked at our doors. I've been handing out food since the pandemic broke out, so I'm living it, suffering in the flesh. I see it from my door, I see it all, people knocking. And then I think about people Who never needed any kind of help. Workers that could get by, now asking for a basic food basket. I saw workers humiliating themselves. Fathers crying for food. That's cowardly. It is downright revolting. But what do we do with this feeling? What to do seeing all this

cowardice? This is because of the pandemic. But we need to understand that, even in this pandemic, this country is rich. Are things bad? It's not bad at all! The money's just misplaced. Dandara, Nzinga Ginga, Zumbi Bela, Mandela Okwei, Tiana Valdete, Mercês Flor, Doroti Lira, Chico Rei, Nilo Joãos, Marias Mbari Mbari NOT ONE LESS OF US THE BULLET HITS THE BLACK They will not stop singing Brazil has been taken over by militias. Infiltrated in the military police, it's an alternative army that each and every day gains political prominence, being present in the legislative branch and taking

their space in the executive. This is pandemonium, this shitty life we live. This shitty life we live. We get slapped in the face, going to jail for nothing, going to an asylum because it's not your place. They mess with your mind. You don't know if you'll have food, water or electricity tomorrow. You bow your head to your boss because you have a daughter. Kids falling in the elevator shaft, being shot in the favela. This is pandemonium, it will be here after the pandemic. It will not go away. Nor will people unite against it. Pandemonium is

the fruit of capitalism. Capitalism has put this pandemonium to work and it is working. Do you think people will unite against capitalism? There's a new mall here, it was packed. If you don't live to serve You're not fit to live If you don't aspire to heaven You'll be in the land of suffering If you don't cut stones You won't get the diamond If you don't accept rules You won't get ahead You are the size of your dreams Mind you If you don't know its impossible You can do it Future king, wash this floor As if

it were yours If you think like a winner You've already won Giving up is for the weak And you're not If the humiliation hurts Let them laugh Focus on the podium First place is yours I know the road is tough But your structure's stronger Lower your head for the rice pot So you can see victory later Your feet bleed, I know, hang on Keep the faith and let them laugh Why? Submission, ambition, determination Submission, ambition, determination You are your own enemy You have to beat yourself to the goal My dear, wake up now Remember the

past The first steps taken On the road of this story Victory for you, for me, for us It's nice to think like that Finish what you started The show draws near Wipe those tears away Before the curtains are opened Above you, only God No one else Now, do what it takes Take care Cover your ears The laughter won't get you down You have the power, brother So stop crying Clean your face Brighten up the smoky dream Rest those shoulders Go towards what you like doing You have the power, brother You have the power YOUR MONEY

AND LIFE IN THE CITY -Let's go running! -Running? I want to run! What's this thing? -It's going to be a movie. -A movie? -Yeah. -About what? It's called "THE STOCK OR LIFE." There's security here in Nova Iguaçu now. This district expanded a lot. Without any planning... Without any effective sanitation programs or urban planning. So what happens is, People start building their houses along the riverside. When I started my Architecture and Urbanism course I had to prepare a landscape design when my architectural reference, my main architectural reference was that bakery at the street corner, which is

by the ditch. There has been talk amongst the landscape architects about what it means to rescue the idea of "a city for all", which is something we all support. It has to have access to basic rights of course, in addition to housing, basic sanitation, and mobility. It has to be a city with less inequality that reflects the... That also reflects this sense of a uniform distribution of what the city has to offer. This is possible through job opportunities, entertainment opportunities, public spaces... The collective appropriation of public spaces is also very important. The social function of

property which is not an individual understanding, but rather an understanding that society must have regarding the city. The city must comply with its social function so its citizens can have a better quality of live. If I have good living conditions, everyone else should have it too. The Brazilian cities, They have... Potential. A huge potential. Those cities are the result of tremendous effort made mostly in the last 50-60 years. A time when the population growth increased exponentially and the impoverished people, looking for social inclusion in the urban areas, were capable of building the city that we

have today. So the city as we have it today is the result of people from lower classes adhering to urban life, looking for job opportunities, Looking for better education, better health conditions, entertainment... And thus, the city reflects the precarious conditions in which these people had to build their houses. With no public policies, with no housing, sanitation, urban transport policies and so on... People had to make do. And that's how the favelas appeared, as well as all the irregular and clandestine land divisions that makes up most of the Brazilian cities today. -Ricão! -Hey, Julião. We are

all being filmed today. Where? -Here! -Nice! Here! A sunflower! There's something about sunflowers, don't you think? -Sunflowers mean prosperity. -Sunflowers rarely wilt. -I'm at the entry to the alley. -I know. Right here is the entrance to street 1. You might see unspeakable things But still, there are flowers at the entrance. Favelas are like big slave quarters. So I'm here now, strolling through the depths of one of those big slave quarters. Where some places have basic sanitation and other places not so much. But, it's in those cramped alleyways where we pass by every day, and hear

all the sounds and noises, that magic happens, you know. Right now I'm filming the exit of the favela, soon we'll hit the asphalt road. There is the slave quarters right next to a big house. The life you have is the life you want. I just left the ghetto, the slave quarter, Now I'm driving through the big houses. Rio de Janeiro is still beautiful. Oh, God... People die, people suffer, but the fun must go on. The Pan American and Olympic Games have left deep scars in Rio de Janeiro. In Barra, the buildings are either sinking or

completely vacant. Residents from Vila Autódromo have been evicted from their homes, all for nothing. At the city center, in order to raise market value of plots of land along Porto Maravilha, residents from Morro da Providência were evicted under a violent policy. A policy that deems the m² price raise more important than the quality of life of said residents. During the World Cup in Maracanã, they tried to demolish a centenary building, Aldeia Maracanã, in order to build a parking lot. Today, we have a housing shortage of over 6 million housing units. This is a country of

continental proportions, so by "housing shortage", we mean this deficit is very diverse, Which means the conditions all vary. There are the big cities, where rent burdens are little short of perverse. That's an issue that afflicts most of the Brazilian families. There are many other varying conditions of precariousness, ranging from the big cities' centers to the favelas and general precarious areas, where there's no sanitation and no sanitary conditions are provided by the housing units. There's also a lack of housing units in remote regions where extreme poverty is also present. This issue is present even in the

depths of Brazil, Places where decent wealth and quality of life are still missing. This area is essential to the city. Up ahead you can see Novo Rio bus terminal which is the gateway to Rio for people from other cities and states. Also, there are many bus stops around here for people arriving from Baixada Fluminense and the West Zone which makes this place a reference of urban mobility for the working class. It's only logical to invest in this area, to populate it, and build housings around it. It's in plain sight. There are a lot of abandoned

buildings in this block alone. It was during the reform process for the "revitalization" program of Porto Maravilha, as they like to call this area now, that many residents were dislodged. Here is Quilombo das Guerreiras, but that is just one of them. The state hasn't provided any alternative for these buildings as of today. Last time I was here, we were approaching Teachers' day and they were holding a meeting. They had study groups, film projections and there used to be a big screen. People used to live here. Sending people to the suburbs is the sad reality of

Rio de Janeiro. Residents from the city center were evicted due to the Pereira Passos reform. The Parisian plans they had envisioned for the city could not make room for the impoverished people. In the '60s, when Brasília became the capital of the country The newly formed State of Guanabara forced all lower class citizens out of the highly coveted South Zone areas. During the dictatorship, residents from both Catacumba and Praia do Pinto favelas were also evicted. We noticed that There are several other abandoned buildings close by But, you know, it's important things remain as is. This way,

the state can secure the proper operation of these two mirrored buildings. This is a perfect example of gentrification. They forced people out. Whoever used to live here, people from lower classes mainly, had to move out due to the high increase in the cost of living. For them, it's just not feasible to coexist with the lower classes. It's important to keep the impoverished families right where they belong, at the favelas. These people are not allowed here, sharing the same space as them. For those unfamiliar with it, that's the Municipal Council of Rio de Janeiro. And Manoel

Congo's walls stand side by side, right, with the Municipal Council of Rio de Janeiro. There's a lot of very interesting stuff in this story. Lurdinha will tell it better. And you said how many families are here? [Lurdes] 42 families live here. [Eduarda] This place is huge. How many floors are there? [Lurdes] Ten. [Eduarda] Ten. [Eduarda] Jeez, it has a lift! [Lurdes] It has. So, it is a lot of change in people's lives. And then, we made a switchboard, right, a complete gas piping system, right, a wiring system, oh, firefighting equipment all over the ten floors.

We did it all. Spaces occupied by us are inspected all the time. This beautiful floor here that was our dream. [laughs] [Eduarda] So beautiful! What was it? [Lurdes] Our dream. [Eduarda] Ah. [Lurdes] Our dream: a pretty floor at the entry. Because this thing was painted, it was very ugly. [Eduarda] The elevator works! [Lurdes] Yes. [laughs] It's here. [lock opening] [Eduarda] Can I go on filming? [resident] Yes. [Eduarda] Oh, jeez! So beautiful! So beautiful! [resident] Hmm. [Eduarda] The bathroom. Real estate speculation and the commodification of all human needs are the main reasons for this segregation and

spatial exclusion that we experience. And several vacant, abandoned real states, Whether built or unbuilt, because there is land too - large abandoned pieces of land in centers that have infrastructure. And one realizes that the infrastructure, Silvio, was put in by the public authorities with resources from all the people, especially workers, right. And this infrastructure is absorbed by real estate speculation as if it were theirs alone. It is privatized, that's what it is. And we can't access it. And if we occupy, instead of understanding that we are complying with the legislation, Which guarantees the social right

and the social function of property; they understand that we are vandals and invaders. We are here partially because the government believed in our threats that we would not negotiate a retreat, you know. But today when we look at the streets full of people, workers, homeless, sleeping on the sidewalks, in the cold, in the open; we feel even ashamed of having conquered a house, you know. So, you realize that there's a very clear intention to silence those who are on their heels, you know. And we have always been one of those who are not afraid, who

go after it, who are on their heels. And then, they give us a leftover, right, a little bit so we can sit there swallowing and forgetting about structural inequality, about how difficult it is to establish a public policy that guarantees the social right to housing, and how difficult it is to establish a practice of structural changes that reduce social inequalities. I'm an advocate, a self-management housing activist, right. What is self-management? Self-management is having cooperatives and other organized groups that can produce their dwellings, Of course, with support, financing, or subsidy from the government, so that the

housing can be produced, in a more horizontal and democratic way, with more participation from the user. Even because this brings benefits in quality and cost, right, in the production of housing. And we have important experiences, which I have already coordinated, based on this type of program. now unfortunately that same view of the minimal state has been working from the perspective that: "oh, the private sector can do it." And we've been seeing that the private sector doesn't do it, mainly for the most vulnerable population, Which is the priority, where the housing deficit is the greatest. [Patryck]

It's not just living downtown, it's living and working in buildings that are multipurpose, where I have a chance of living and working in the same area, and have leisure in the same area also. Every neighborhood and every neighborhood unit that we are going to define according to the cities and the size of the cities, will have: a school, a health center, a park, a library, a movie theater, and other things that the community itself will define. Another thing, zero-fare transit! Transit is a right! Nobody can be constrained to not be able to get To work,

school, or leisure, because they don't have four Reais to pay for a bus. So, it's another utopia of urban quality of life that we need to build. Transport is a duty of the State, quality public transport. The means of ensuring... food safety, and quality food for everyone. [music] There are neighborhoods in the city of São Paulo, and not only in São Paulo, where a person can walk one kilometer and not buy anything besides highly processed food. So, is it a utopia to ensure that every one walks 500 meters from home and buys a healthy head

of lettuce? Let's put this utopia into the cities. A great utopia nowadays is perhaps to easily maintain this pact that we built as soon as the country went through redemocratization. And we are at risk of serious consequences for our issue, which is the city and the urban quality of life, of losing all these rights. Because all of them are being commodified. So, the great utopia for me is that the sixth article of the Constitution, Which guarantees the social rights of health, education, transportation, and housing, that we can hold on to it. The Stock Market and

Life in the Forest When the colonizers arrived here... the native peoples called this immense territory, in Tupi language, Pindorama, the land of palm trees. The newcomers who were willing to exploit the riches soon baptized it Brazil, the main commodity they sought here, red wood from which paint was extracted. [laughs] If they arrived nowadays, what name would they give it? Federative Republic of Minerals, Soy, Agribusiness? I'm Mura, I'm part of the Mura people. And these communities that are called "ribeirinhas" (riperians) maintain their indigenous way of being, because indigenous people still live there, and are interconnected to

the rivers, to the lakes, to the forest, to the enchanted beings of the forest and of the water world, connected to the whole environment as part of this environment. [Tupi mondé language] [Almir] [Almir] You see I'm speaking Tupi mondé, right. [laughs] [bark] [Tupi mondé language] My mom: [Tupi mondé language] [Almir's mother] Our way of understanding and treating sustainable development is not only within the territory of the Paiter Suruí people. We want to share it with the world so that people know how indigenous populations use the forest, the land, and the knowledge of their people, so

that we can then develop in a planned, responsible and coherent way Within the needs of their people. Our ancestral culture does not seek profit when using forest service, land service. And sees its importance today, for tomorrow and for the future. So, the world needs to know this knowledge. Because if first we just think that it's just profit, profit, right? We destroy the forest more and more, by destroying the forest, we destroy our society, we destroy our economy, we destroy our conscience, we destroy our culture, we destroy our politics, we destroy our relationships, we destroy everything.

Rights of nature and ancestral knowledge. In 1986, filmmaker Maria Luiza Aboim filmed Cidadão Jatobá (Jatobá Citizen). The name of the film reveals the respect for the rights of nature. A tree is treated as a citizen. Older Indians from Yawalapiti teach Kamaiurá warriors an ancient technique of building a canoe without cutting down the tree. The peeled trunk regenerates and the canoe takes its course. The point is that necrocapitalism configured a single world, a single narrative: this thing that we have to exploit the planet to produce wealth is the idea of progress and development. I have long

seen the private appropriation of all that is common As an assault on the possibility of us continuing to create human communities capable of having otherness, of having identity, of having culture, and thinking of themselves as creative beings. We are moving towards a kind of world where corporations are going to be the owners of natural assets like the landscape, the water, the air we breathe, the beaches, the oceans. Fire, a terrible, cruel, and stupid spectacle. The Stock Market and Life in the Fields 70% of the food that arrives on our tables comes from family farming. Food

and the very techniques From the past, from our grandparents, from generations we inherited, they are essential for the agroecological model. And they are denied all the time, often by EMBRAPA, even though we have discussed that they also have the obligation to formulate, new technologies for family farming. Deep down, when they create something new, they try to deny all the wisdom we have from the past. It is a very hard battle for us to recover the so-called creole seeds. There are several seed banks, Paraíba is a good example of this work. CONTAG keeps track and is

already making a great effort along with our bases To build seed banks; to stimulate the collection and the discovery of these seeds; to do the production; to do the storage; and the distribution with the family farmers, who are already becoming convinced of making this process of change in relation to seeds. Because now we are stuck with many in the hands of multinationals. We have to get out of it, including fighting hard with the state and municipal governments so that they don't acquire those imported seeds, that sometimes have nothing to do with the reality of a

certain region. Well, this house was self-built With my brothers and me, right? It is a house with a project that accounts for several sustainability and energy efficiency criteria. Amongst them, for instance, it is a house that works with rainwater. There is a rations management of the water system. It works with a dry bathroom. So you don't use drinkable water for sanitation. rather it is a sanitation system through composting, where sanitation also produces manure. It is also a home that in the project includes the use of passive energy, like the use of solar power through its

orientation. It also has systems of double-glass openings, for the winter cold, so it can be efficient in energy use, in the use of resources like solar power to heat the home. In the project for this awning we also used free software technology to design the height of the ceiling and to design a system that has shade in the summer, and that allows for the sun during winter. On the other hand, we have this "bio garden" we see here. It is a system where the house's grey water Is re-used. We recover the water from the kitchen,

the shower and the sinks so we can transform this water into gardening water. This water is then treated with efficient microorganisms. Microorganisms that decompose organic matter that make this section into a very efficient growing area to produce the foods and medicinal plants all year round. Aside from this, in the front of the house, we will se it later, there is the project of an agroforest, where there are over 80 different fruit trees. The idea is that, as time goes on one can be more sustainable and autonomous in food production. All the production we have here

for our consumption is organic. This is also a political statement. The Stock Market and the Fountain of Life [airplane noise] Accelerated deforestation of the Amazon is responsible for the deep drought in the South and Southeast. Nature is formed by communicating vessels. The skies carry water vapor over long distances in flying rivers. Almost half of the rainwater in the Southeast, Midwest and South Is formed due to the 600 billion trees in the Amazon Basin. And without rain there is no GDP that can resist. Flying rivers. After I had worked with the surface water, water from rivers

and lakes, where we had collected water with seaplanes, we started to collect water vapor with a land-plane, a conventional plane. Sometimes you can see it because there are clouds, but cloud formation depends on various factors, like temperature and pressure. And it's not always that there are clouds where there are flying rivers. So, it was very emotional for me To suddenly fly in cloudless air with 30-40% humidity, and suddenly without noticing anything at all, the instrument showed 80% humidity. What has changed? Why were we flying at the same altitude, 20-25 kilometers ago it was dry and

now it's wetter? And where was the air going? Oh, the air was going south. So it was the emotional side of being able to find out: to fly inside these flying rivers. [airplane noise] In truth what we should do with this new civilization that we should be building is reconquer the concept, reconquer the stories Of ancient civilizations that incorporated water very clearly as a holy element to life, and not as a merchandise, like over the last years, with this macroeconomic model based on the marketing of life itself. They are doing this. And it is very

clearly leading us to a process of self-extermination. First thing, I think nobody can privatize the service of the earth and of the universe. Because the service of the earth doesn't belong to anyone, he... belongs to the time. So, who will privatize it? Who will sell it? Who will be the owner? For me, first of all, it is not allowed. According to the history of my people, we have four spirits who live on the water, that we protect. They need clean water and respected water. So they're always caring for the world of water, These spirits. If

water gets privatized, are the spirits getting compensated? That will definitely disturb... Say they build a dam and exploit water resources all wrong. They will be disturbing the life of spirits. If there is no worldwide access to clean water, there is no democracy. The world's largest hydrographic basin is in Brazil, but only 16% of us get clean water at home. And 48% of Brazilians live without proper sewage collection. ...a civilization that respects human life that respects life is one that cares for life. Life grows out of water. Without water there is no vegetation, food, animals. There's

no humans. There's no health, no well-being, no way of staying alive if this element is not cared for. Life's main element, water. The river. Calm, serene river. It goes down its path lulled by the wind. Up ahead the Sun goes down very slowly, handing the day over to the night. The river, who is in fact a road, is an all-knowing, all-sentient being. It has seen it all. Twilight bears witness. Slowly it goes down its path. Slowly it carries down its banzo. Slowly it darkens as the Sun goes to sleep. The future in the rearview mirror

Comic book artists are visionary. In 1995, Jamie Delano wrote about the dystopian year of 2020. A pandemic, Religious extremist leaders, marginalized subcultures, and human reproduction threatened by environmental issues. How could anyone in 1995 picture having to use face masks to go out? Mr. Adilson, regarding the furniture, I need to check that with the real estate agent in charge and I'll get back to you. I'm working as a real estate agent. I'm at a mall. I used to do office work. Out of the employment options available this is just like doing deliveries, it's pretty informal work.

I work for the company, but it's like I'm a business partner. However, in a setting where I didn't even get my own restroom, where I had nowhere to keep my lunch, I was constantly afraid of being out, getting into a crash. Now, I'm in an employment relationship where I have a restroom... Think of the little things, restroom, water, coffee. I didn't think twice. And the best thing is that you're appreciated, man. This client I was just talking to, he's a millionaire. A millionaire. We got to talking today and he booked a visit for this week.

The real estate's worth 5 million reais, so... It feels good to know I have what it takes. I'm the one doing this. I can now see options for a better life. I just need to get my things in order. I'm reading up on it, a lot. I'm reading up on the real estate market. That's it, people are still buying houses. I'm here to be their middle-woman. The Exit Doors THE STOCK MARKET LIFE I grew old from sticking to my beliefs, but I will keep on believing to the very end. I'm an eco-socialist. I believe in

taking over the State for it to fulfil its main role, the socialization of production, for it to fight global environmental disaster, and reverse all of capitalism's brutal effects ever since pre-industrial times. After that, humanity will self-organize with the best collective systems in a society where It becomes increasingly possible to talk about communism, good living. Indigenous peoples talked about societies where there was no social class, no private property. The wisdom of the heart. That's what we need to learn. We can only learn the wisdom of the heart if we begin a new process where we see

ourselves as one of Earth's inhabitants, where we apologize and beg forgiveness for becoming undesirable. Our planet no longer tolerates us. We need to be convinced to get off our high horses and to let go of boastfulness, Presumption, and the hold of power. Let us live with a simple life, like Saint Francis of Assis It's like Saint Paul would say, "All good things are ours". We are Christ's, Christ is God's, and God is everyone and everything. My spiritual problem is injustice. It is all of those people out there on the streets. That's my spiritual problem. I

won't reach inner peace, I won't become Zen with Zen-Buddhist meditation. I want to find Dom Pedro Casaldáliga's peace, A restless peace. A peace that is restless. It is restless for it is not silent in the face of injustice, of suffering, of evil. As Jon Sobrinho would say, it's time to get the crucified peoples off the cross. It's... The spiritual issue is a struggle. Spirit means the force of God's Spirit that is present in History, that can awaken the restlessness of love in you, that can awaken your restlessness when you see a mother With a 9-month-old

baby in a tent on a sidewalk. A wet tent. With water coming in. With a crucifix up on the lamp post showing their faith. In the 19th Century, scientific mentality becomes instrumental rationality. Instrumental rationality is experienced through logic, it is modelled in economic discourse. It means results, it is a markedly economic discourse. It is a positivist discourse of science. The pandemic has raised the following issue, Scientific discourse must be reclaimed but it must be reclaimed in connection to the politics and ethics of scientific discourse. It is in that sense I envision a new scientific discourse

coming forth with the pandemic. It is a scientific discourse that is analytical as well. It is based on an ethical, political, and social dimension. It is disruptive of instrumental rationality. This is the first important change brought forth by this new era. I feel this change imposes The imperative of life over the imperative of economics. I'm not strong enough to go into a stock exchange by myself. But I'm powerful enough within my community. I can get together with my community and not be by myself and do things that'll change my small world. My world vision for

the next few years is utopic, it is a dream, it is matter, it is action. It is a transformation of the small worlds. This talk of uniqueness is bull. I believe in aiming for plurality and diversity of worlds. If they have torn our world to pieces, let us create other worlds. In my indigenous Paraguayan and South American culture there is... ...there is a world view that insists on surviving. It is the belief in Yvy Marãne’y, of the Tupi-Guarani. It means believing there is a path that leads us to an evil-less land, a land where there

is no evil. "Yvy Marãne’y" We need esperança, hope. Esperança, as in having hope, not as in sitting around waiting. We need hoping and fighting for a better world. I need to do my part for a better world. I have to believe that's going to happen. Or else... I have to believe this is a planet that regenerates, man. We're here to better ourselves. I respect life so much that I want to live the most I can. My assistant... She's one heck of an actress, she's my assistant, with the water. Through art, I want to change the

world a little. I wish I could make people believe that art saves. I wish they'd believe there is a future, it is here. Even though it is uncertain, we're the ones who make it. Eduarda worked for a month as a real estate agent And didn't close any deals. She's still after what she's meant to be. Either Pindorama or Brazil, it doesn't matter, what matters is the combative spirit of a people who fights to build their nation. Song of the Tamoio by Gonçalves Dias. Don't cry, my son don't cry life is a ferocious battle to live

is to fight life is a battle That takes down the weak the strong, the brave shall be praised that is what you are, my son, you are my pride you are Tamoio you shall be brave be strong, my warrior, be robust, be relentless Tamoio Coat of Arms, in war and in peace mothers of the lands of sons raised on the law of terror Let their names be heard for their enemies' demise, for their enemies' ache bearing arms, go forth, my son be it of dreariness or endearment, to live is to fight. If life's hard battle

takes down the weak, for the strong and for the brave it is nothing but praise. The bag was torn, then came light. Life burst forth with water from the womb of a Maria. Was born naked, on a Wednesday. Was born naked, still nameless, still dreamless, without guilt or sin. Was born naked, on a Wednesday, still nameless, still dreamless, without guilt or sin. Was born naked. Life in this world begins with tearing, tearing the bag, begins with tearing, tearing the bag, The first choice is already made, begins with tearing, tearing the bag, The bag or life,

the bag or life. What will be your choice? The bag that twirls on the street corner, of those who rely on the bag, the family. The bag breaking on someone's back, always on the backs of those who have nothing. How much is life worth in the finance casino? Those who choose the bag lose life and money. How much is life worth in the finance casino? Those who choose the bag lose life and money. Life in this world begins with tearing, tearing the bag, Begins with tearing, tearing the bag. the first choice is already made it

begins with tearing, tearing the bag The bag or life Ordinary bag fills with the disgrace of others, it only sows death Grows in inequalities, this dragon of evil Devastation While we wait for so called divine justice We go on, like artists Still with names, still with dreams Without guilt or sin Still with names, still with dreams Without guilt or sin Life in this world starts with the tearing, the tearing of the bag, starts with the tearing, the tearing of the bag, The first choice is already made, begins with tearing, tearing the bag, The bag or

life The bag was torn, then came light. "With the certainty that we will overcome this tragedy together, this work will be a portrait of a time, Like the records that were done in the United States during the Great Depression" Silvio Tendler