hey let's continue our discussion about anemia we have talked about iron deficiency anemia then any of chronic disease and then we'll talk about Elysee Mia because those are included in the microcytic anemia but first before discussing that we'll see Mia we need to know about hemoglobin so we've said before that hemoglobin consists of heme and globin in the heum consists of iron and protoporphyrin the hemoglobin is a structure that has four sides for oxygen in other words hemoglobin can carry four oxygen molecules so each hemoglobin molecule can bind four oxygen molecules were on the heme
portion where exactly in the iron which is in the him and the iron is in which form the fear us not the ferric as we've said before fe2 binds o2 and please remember that hemoglobin looks like a butterfly four different subunits so four subunits we have four protein subunits and four non-protein groups or heme groups so the protein is the globin and the non protein is the him hemoglobin non protein protein the non protein part the him is synthesized in the mitochondria but wait there is no mitochondria in the RBC yes I'm talking about the
immature RBC has mitochondria so he is cynthaiz in the mitochondria and the cytosol of the immature red blood cell the globin protein since such were protein yes ribosomes so globin and him perfect that's fine so what are the subunits we have alpha subunit and beta subunit the normal adult will have to all four subunits and two beta subunits that's the general type of hemoglobin but let's go back to our structure the heme has iron and protoporphyrin so here's him group protoporphyrin and iron the iron is in the ferrous state fe2 binds o - how about
the ferric no the ferric is called met hemoglobin so if you have fair rick and the hemoglobin is called met hemoglobin okay and it's not normal man time' globin cannot carry oxygen because fe3 cannot carry oxygen only fe2 carries o2 so here are two alpha subunits and two beta subunits and inside them we have the heme group protoporphyrin and iron in the center okay four of them okay in adults hemoglobin has different types 95% is called adult hemoglobin or hemoglobin a a for adult consists of alpha 2 beta 2 means to offer subunits into beta
subunits the normal fetal hemoglobin is called hemoglobin F 2 offers winners into gamma subunits but in adults it only can contains or constitutes 1 percent of the total hemoglobin also we have something called hemoglobin a 2 alpha 2 Delta 2 and it forms one point five to three percent of the adult hemoglobin so this is the adult percentage fetal will have most of them fetal hemoglobin but for adult 95 percent a one percent F one point five to three percent a to okay so that's the foundation until we talk about thalassemia in the next video
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