The Most Dangerous Neighbor of the Solar System

in any astronomy textbook it's written that Earth has only one satellite the moon which is absolutely wrong on March 28th 2023 an employee at the panars observatory in Hawaii discovered a unique object near Earth asteroid 2023 fw13 has been accompanying our planet in its orbit around the Sun for over 2,000 years this is basically the second previously unknown Earth's satellite that can be seen only through a powerful telescope but don't worry you'll definitely notice it if it suddenly deviates from its orbit when this Celestial rock with a diameter of a whopping 20 M enters Earth

atmosphere it'll put on an even more spectacular show than the Chell abinsk meteor if it happens over a big city like New York the shock wave will shatter windows in many districts thus harming tens of thousands of people and if this most benign neighbor of Earth is capable of such destruction what about others in this video you'll find out how astronomers missed the most enormous comet in space what objects the solar system could play bowling with our planets and if it's true that deep in space there are stars capable of burning our Earth to a

crisp and I bet you've never heard of most of these dangerous space Neighbors the solar system itself is full of invisible rocks that could annihilate an entire planet in 2012 NASA astronomers reported that over the course of 30-some years they managed to detect more than half a million asteroids but a decade later that number has now surpassed a million still even now Nessa admits their two to three times more invisible rocks flying around the solar system and some of them are dangerously close on February 27th 2023 researchers at the Isaac Newton telescope in the Canary

Islands discovered a brand new asteroid literally approaching Earth in less than a month it came within a distance of about 174,000 kilm from our planet that's only half the distance to the moon's orbit it may not seem too severe at first glance but if we compare this space event to darts the asteroid would be the dart slightly missing Bullseye but definitely hitting the target so in the spring of 2023 we were just a hair's breath away from a collision with a 70 M wide Space Rock that's just a bit bigger than the wingspan of a

Boeing 747 but even if it didn't reach the surface and exploded in the atmosphere let's say over San Francisco the city would undoubtedly be wiped off the map the next visit of this city destructing asteroid is expected on a April 4th 2026 but at a distance of over a million kilomet of course this calculation doesn't consider the gravitational pull of other celestial bodies which is entirely unpredictable but not only individual cities are in danger because of our invisible neighbors according to Greek myths Once Upon a Time the son of the god Helios Fon took the

reins of The Chariot that carried the sun across the sky every day however the Young God couldn't handle the controls and flew too close to Earth turning entire countries into scorched deserts and you probably won't be so thrilled to hear that it's also the name of a gigantic asteroid astronomers spotted it almost by chance in the early 1980s amidst the stars and as soon as they calculated fothon trajectory it immediately made the list of the most dangerous near Earth objects due to its orbit peculiarities it approaches Earth extremely irregularly sometimes every few years sometimes every

few decades the most threatening flyby was recorded on December 17th 2017 when Theon passed within over 10, 300,000 km from Earth roughly equivalent to 27 times the distance between Earth and the moon so why are astronomers worried about a potential Collision well it's because this asteroid has a diameter of almost 6 km om which can be already considered a potential destroyer of whole continents let alone cities for now NASA's sure that for at least the next 400 years Theon won't turn any continent into a Scorch desert however this calculation doesn't consider the Yosi effect this

effect refers to the change in an asteroids trajectory due to uneven heating from the sun while this effect is incredibly weak it's enough to cause asteroids to deviate from their orbits by tens of kilometers over many years that's precisely why fothon can still be a threat in the long run scientists just can't predict where it'll end up due to the yarovsky effect yet there even larger culprits lurking in the dark outskirts of the solar system in 2021 American astronomers Pedro Bernard nelli and Gary Bernstein ran millions of night sky images through search algorithm RMS over

several years and couldn't believe their eyes it turned out that back in 2014 telescopes captured a mega Comet rushing towards us this is a true planet destroyer with a diameter of at least 120 km the impact of such a massive Celestial body would turn the entire surface of the Earth into a sea of lava and possibly break off a solid piece of our planet discovering the mega Comet earlier was simply impossible possible because it had been hiding in the dark outskirts of the solar system in the mysterious or Cloud for millions of years however when

astronomers calculated its orbit they finally side with relief the Bernard nelli Bernstein Comet won't Venture Beyond Saturn's orbit hypothetically of course but that could easily change in the future if the gas giant nudges it from its familiar path however with even greater prob ability little known objects from the depths of deep space could orchestrate an apocalypse for us our sun is surrounded by potentially dangerous neighbors many of which we were unaware of until recently almost every other space related video on YouTube mentions the nearest star system to us Alpha Centauri consisting of three stars two

sunlike stars and one red dwarf however the distance to them is over four Lighty years which essenti rules out any harmful influence on our solar system and that would be reassuring if it weren't for the fact that the surrounding stars are constantly moving in 1916 American astronomer Edward Barnard while studying photographic plates of the night sky from Harvard University noticed a faint Point moving at an incredibly high speed of more than 10 Arc seconds per year in other words this exceptional starch versus half the diameter of the full moon in the span of an average

human lifetime of 70 years setting an absolute speed record as it turns out the close distance to Barnard star played a significant role it's only about six light years away making it the second closest star to the sun while the alpha cowy triple system is steadily moving away from us this High Velocity Red Dwarf is gradually approaching at a speed of 90 km per second that's faster than any Comet known to us but Interstellar distances are much greater according to the current calculations of scientists Barnard star will come closest to the solar system in the

year 11,800 approaching significantly closer than Alpha Centauri is now at a distance of 3.75 light years that may seem too far to be actually dangerous but according to Modern astronomical estimates this is is exactly where the actual boundary of the solar system lies specifically it marks the edge of the orc Cloud where billions of invisible comets are hidden scientists don't know the exact size of the orc Cloud but its radius May range from 2 to 3.2 light years and the larger it is the higher the probability that the gravitational field of the passing star will

create chaos in the orc cloud and unleash several Comet Killers towards Earth moreover this may have already happened before in 2013 German astronomer Ralph deers Schultz discovered another previously unknown Red Dwarf located 22 Lighty years away from Earth surprisingly its velocity was only slightly lower than that of the record-breaking Barnard star when astronomers used mathematical calculations to rewind time they were horrified nearly all simulations pointed to one conclusion approximately 70,000 years ago Schultz's star passed at a distance of less than one Lightyear from the sun right through the orc Cloud no one can say how

it precisely affected the orbits of comets therefore we cannot exclude the possibility that An Invisible Killer comet is already rushing towards us moments away from putting an end to life on Earth but what if a planet-like object Ventures into our immediate vicinity astronomers didn't realize immediately that schulz's star isn't actually a star but a binary system there's an almost invisible enigmatic entity orbiting the Red Dwarf that's a brown dwarf that doesn't belong to either stars or planets and is stuck somewhere in between the primary Red Dwarf in this system has a mass roughly 89 times

that of Jupiter just enough to ignite self- sustaining nuclear reactions in its core however the brown dwarf its partner masses around 65 Jupiters which is insufficient to ignite the nuclear furnace yet it's too massive to be considered an ordinary gas giant scientists once believe Brown dwarfs were unique hybrids but observations in recent decades have shown quite the opposite for an entire Century the Red Dwarf known as wolf 359 was considered the third closest star to the sun located nearly eight light years from Earth however in 2013 American astronomer Kevin lummen made a sensational Discovery using

the wise infrared Observatory forcing an urgent revision of star maps in our neighborhood just 6 and 1 half light years away he uncovered a binary system of brown dwarfs called Lumen 16 each weighing approximately 30 Jupiters but the astronomer didn't stop there a year later he announced the discovery of yet another brown dwarf this one much closer than wolf 359 and this invisible object races across the sky almost as swiftly as the super Speedy Barnard star fortunately for us its trajectory doesn't intersect with ours but how many more undetected Brown dwarfs are hurtling nearby modern

estimates sound menacing it appears that the Milky Way Harbors anywhere from 25 billion to 100 billion Brown dwarves even considering that Cosmic distances are simply immense the trajectory of just one of these objects could eventually intersect not just the outskirts of the solar system but the orbits of the planets imagine a dark gas super giant pushing Jupiter and Saturn around like bowling pins and causing total planetary chaos in the best case scenario this would mean a radically new orbit for Earth where it would either overheat or freeze in the worst case scenario the brown dwarf

would easily devour our planet without a burp yet some extreme space objects can potentially harm us from hundreds of light years away around the solar system there are exotic Stars whose explosion could wipe out all life on Earth astronomers have long been observing the Red Giant Beetle Juice in the Orion constellation in space images it appeared as a strangely blurred Yol but if we place it in the scale of the solar system that spot would engulf all the inner planets up to Jupiter and the size of Beetle Juice tells us one thing it's nearly exhausted

all its fuel for nuclear reactions and will soon meet its demise in a supernova explosion but when exactly will this happen and how dangerous is it for us until recently based on periodic pulsations of beetle gist astronomers believe that the cosmic catastrophe would occur in thousands or even hundreds of thousands of years however in 2023 a team of researchers from Japan and Switzerland reanalyzed all the data and concluded the Giant star has very little nuclear fuel left meaning the count goes on for decades in other words within our lifetime Beetle Juice could explode with a

force millions of times greater than the Sun a new bright star will appear in the sky visible even during the day and at night it'll outshine the full moon the explosion of Beetle Juice could likely blind a couple of overly sensitive telescopes but overall this show will have little impact on Earth after all we're at least 460 light years away from the epicenter or even 630 but what if Cosmic currents carried Beetle Juice into the nearest vicinity of the solar system in that case the supernova explosion would not only surpass the brightness of the Sun

from a distance of a few light years we would be hit by multiple waves of deadly Cosmic radiation it would be like Chernobyl on a global scale similar events might have already occurred in the distant past causing mass extinctions throughout the planet's history unlike red dwarfs red giants are easily visible through telescopes so none of them should suddenly come so close to us as romor believe that the minimum safe distance for a supernova where you can witness the spectacle without succumbing to radiation is60 light years but what if I tell you that a new cosmic

catastrophe is brewing right inside this boundary in reality most of the supern noi that illuminate the Milky Way approximately every 100 years are not explosions of red giants like Beetle Juice on the contrary their triggers are some of the smallest known Stars just like the one in ik pegasi a binary system that doesn't receive as much attention as beej perhaps unjustly here a yellow star similar to our sun has a very Compact and dangerous companion a white dwarf it's the core of a deceased star with unusual characteristics its size is comparable to Earth but it's

Mas can reach that of the sun which means an enormous density in the ik Pegasus system the white dwarf orbits very closely around the main star closer than Mercury orbits our sun the gravity of the white dwarf may be effectively sucking up Stellar material from its neighboring star through a cosmic straw this is a time bomb in space once the white dwarf is covered by a sufficiently thick layer of stolen plasma gravity will compress its core triggering an incredibly powerful explosion known as a type 1A Supernova even from a distance of 154 light years where

ik pegasi is located Earth's ozone layer won't farewell against the bombardment of cosmic rays from the blast wave and then our own sun will deliver a major blow to us you can still compensate for its increased radiation with sunscreen but you won't be able to apply it to plankton in the upper layers of the oceans if the iate pegas Supernova sufficiently pun the ozone layer many marine mammals like whales will have nothing to eat and once her food chain is disrupted mass extinction will Cascade throughout the planet but how close are we to such a

scenario unfortunately no telescope has been able to photograph the white dwarf in ik pegasi due to the overpowering brightness of the main star so no one can say for sure how close it is to the actual explosion however according to the commonly accepted estimate the white dwarf hasn't started its Feast yet it'll only begin when the neighboring star itself begins transforming into a red giant and that will happen billions of years from now by which time ik pegasi will undoubtedly be at a safe distance from Earth but even this prediction doesn't account for another threat

posed by exploding Stars approximately 1 million years ago our distant ancestors witnessed a bright flash in the sky the Supernova itself didn't directly harm Earth but in 1992 astronomers accidentally discovered a fragment of that very explosion and it's more like a real space missile it's a superdense neutron star with the mass of the Sun but a diameter of just 14 km at a distance of 400 light years it's the closest exotic object of its kind to our solar system but the most incredible thing is that the Supernova explosion 1 million years ago didn't just create

a neutron star it launched into space at a speed of 100 km/ second if such a super dense Celestial body enters the boundaries of our solar system the consequences would be utterly unpredictable from a gravitational perspective this tiny ball is equivalent to another sun and it would easily pull several planets along with it Earth as we know it wouldn't survive in the orbit of the neutron on Star instead of sunlight we would be subjected to constant streams of destructive radiation transforming the surface of our Earth into a radioactive icy desert however most likely the tital

forces of the neutron star would simply grind Earth into pieces and the resulting ring of debris would eventually fall onto its surface causing tremendous detonations luckily the nearest killer Stars flying by somewhere else and I would be happy to conclude uded here but considering that neutron stars are extremely difficult to detect due to their faintness who knows perhaps due to a fatal coincidence an unknown Supernova Unleashed an invisible death sphere towards us millions of years ago however in space they're even less noticeable and more extreme objects that don't even need to be anywhere near the

solar system to inflict a deadly blow Upon Us Earth is vulnerable to numerous Galactic threats and were just beginning to speculate about the nature of many of them on October 9th 2022 two observatories monitoring the space in X-rays and gamma rays detected a powerful burst it was so intense that it instantly overloaded their sensors pushing them to their maximum values however scientists immediately connected multiple observatories on earth eventually revealing what it was specifically it was a Gamay burst in the Sagi constellation emanating from an object nearly 2 and 1/2 billion light years from Earth it

likely originated from a supernova in a distant Galaxy we wouldn't even notice yet in this case the dying star was so massive that its explosion collapsed its core not into a neutron star but into a black hole the black hole instantly devoured billions of tons of scattered matter all around it and emitted that narrow Focus beam of X-rays and gamma Rays towards Earth the precise physical mechanism behind this phenomenon remains unknown as does the specific reason why this Gamay burst was so extraordinarily powerful its energy would have been sufficient for the complete life cycle of

a thousand of our Suns and it was at least 70 times brighter than any other Gamay burst recorded ever so far so despite the Colossal distance the destructive beams from this explosion shatter molecules in the upper layers of Earth's atmosphere much like solar flares do not to mention the global disruption of radio navigation systems if Beetlejuice Unleashed a similar Gamay burst upon us from a distance of 600 Lighty years no one would be left to watch this video The Deadly radiation would Scorch 3/4 of Earth surface to a crisp for 10 consecutive hours anyone unfortunate

enough to be outside or near window would receive a fatal dose of radiation akin to those ill- faded firefighters at Chernobyl and even if there were thousands of Lighty years between us and the source of such a death beam things wouldn't be significantly better but perhaps we don't need to imagine such horrific consequences potentially lethal Gamay bursts aren't only produced by black holes in distant galaxies but also by extremely exotic celestial bodies in our own Galaxy the wr1 14 object may look like a Galaxy but it's actually a unique star with a spiral structure spanning

almost 8 and a half thousand light years more precisely it's a wolf rayot star roughly 30 times more massive than our sun and 120,000 times brighter instead of burning hydrogen in its nuclear furnace it consumes helium generating so much energy that the Stars outer layers literally Shed off forming a spiral due to such extravagance wolf R stars have very short lifespans only a few hundred, years and W 104 seems to be approaching its Grand Finale apart from the usual Supernova explosion which won't affect us from such a distance the wolf Ray at Star is also

capable of a powerful gamma ray burst judging by the beautiful symmetrical spiral we observe Earth is precisely in its line of fire aligned with the pole of wr14 from which the deadly beam will erupt in the worst case scenario a significant portion of our planet surface won't just be burnt but utterly obliterated astronomers aren't particularly fond of this scenario so for the past 15 years they've been desperately trying to measure the orientation of wr14 as accurately as possible based on various estimates we're definitely not staring down the barrel of the death beam the the deviation

ranges from 3 to 30° but even if it's at the minimum Earth will still be grazed by the edge of the Gamay burst cone which in itself guarantees mass extinction and full cancer hospitals for many decades to come we can only hope that by the time this wolf Ray star collapses the solar system itself will have slipped out of its crosshairs or that the gamerade burst just fails to occur but even that is not the most ter terrifying aspect of our Galactic neighborhood this is marcaron 231 the closest quazar to Earth which means it's a

galaxy with an active core it emits energy not in visible light but in ultraviolet and x-ray radiation even from a distance of 580 million light years this object appears incredibly bright according to scientist calculations the core of this relatively small Galaxy emits thousands of times more energy than the Milky Way such activity is produced by a super massive black hole massing 150 million times our Sun's mass devouring vast amounts of interstellar matter it spirals into a gigantic accretion disc at nearly the speed of light and the immense friction turns the matter into super bright plasma

some astronomers believe there's another black hole orbiting this one with a mass of 4 Million Suns further fueling this Eerie Cosmic reactor it appears to be the result of a collision between two galaxies and now the intense ultraviolet radiation from the quazar renders space sterile for tens of thousands of Light Years Around affecting all stars and planets luckily Maran 231 poses no threat to us but some astronomers consider it a dreadful Omen however just right now the super massive black hole at the Milky Ways Center Sagittarius AAR is on a diet and not spewing radiation

but that could change in 5 billion years our galaxy awaits a collision with Andromeda which could trigger the same process we observe in maryan 231 the coincidences with this quazar are impressive at the center of the newly formed Galaxy there will be a strikingly similar pair of super massive black holes one massing 30 Million Suns from Andromeda and slightly over 4 Million Suns from the Milky Way and if the Collision attracts enough Interstellar matter to them the quazar will ignite not hundreds of millions of light years away from the solar system but just 26,000 and

then our entire Sky won't just be incredibly bright but fatally irradiating by then Earth May no longer be habitable due to our Sun's demise but what whatever other Stellar systems our distant descendants May inhabit they will bask in harsh radiation for millions of years with nowhere to hide still with a quick wit any danger can be turned to our advantage in May of 2023 scientists from the California Institute of Technology tested the first prototypes of solar panels designed to collect energy from the space surrounding Earth and transmit it to the surface the next step is

conducting field Tes in orbit but the technology looks promising so what if our distant descendants managed to create a protective shield around their world using these panels they would not only be able to deflect gamma bursts and shield themselves from quazar radiation but also convert deadly Rays into useful energy perhaps the future lies not only in dice and spheres around stars but in more modest protective shells around inhabited planets the ke is to ensure that all this beauty isn't Shattered by some Daredevil asteroid so what threats from the vicinity of the solar system do you

consider the most dangerous [Music] [Music]