all right hi everyone uh Learning web3 and blockchain Development this video is going to be divided into four parts number one I'll give you an overview of the industry the use cases should you do it should you not do it how does web 3 even make money is it a complete scam or are there legitimate use cases number two we'll try to go through the complete syllabus of the web3 cohort that will be coming in case you cannot afford it in case you want to start early this is a syllabus it will pretty much remain the same try to go through it yourself there will be free resources at the end of it so you can learn all of this yourself and lastly I'll discuss a few project ideas some of these we'll be building some of these you can try to build yourself with that context let's get right into the video let's begin with a basic overview of the industry if you ever want to join any industry beat AI web3 or you know some other Niche the best thing you can do is build very ambitious projects the way I Define ambitious projects is the projects that are currently making money a good example in AI might be either an llm or all the llm based libraries that exist or all the application Level things that are happening for example you know image generation applications end user applications basically if you build any one of these if you understand how they're built that's the best way to learn it rather than following a curriculum top to-head bottom and you know trying to learn it via courses YouTube videos the context that you miss when you're trying to build a project is really high so beat any technology try to build a lot of projects you know keep this in mind generally through when you're trying to learn web3 as well the very first use case of web3 is blockchains itself I won't go too deep into what blockchains are I have a video on it this will be a very high level overview video blockchains are usually divided into three parts usually you might have interacted with ethereum maybe or heard of Bitcoin and these are called layer one blockchains these were the first ones that were introduced they brought the concept of blockchains and decentralized money into the picture these were there for a long time but people realized number one it's really hard to build your own blockchain and hence layer zero protocols were introduced what does layer zero mean it means it lets you build layer one blockchains and hence it is called layer zero there are bunch of other protocols that are called L zero protocols if there's ever something you can use across all l1s that's also sometimes labeled as l0 but usually a layer zero protocol lets you build your own blockchain so if you ever want to build you know Bitcoin 2 or kir coin or kir blockchain in itself then you use either Cosmos or karot unfortunately I don't think they've found the their use case yet um and you know you can see that in the cryptocurrency prices as well but was a very good technical thing to you know pursue for a long time people are still doing it layer one as I said this is where more the most of the activity is you usually transact either on ethereum or today on Solana these are like top of the charts when it comes to decentralized exchange activities or you know General volumes and there are a bunch of new entrance all of these were you know iterations on top of the old one Bitcoin was the first one ethereum made Bitcoin better Solana came and made ethereum better now sui and Aptos are trying to do something similar to what Solana did make the blockchain extremely fast and usable this is where we'll be spending most of our time in the cohort layer one protocols is very most of the activi is layer R2 is also pretty good they took a different approach to scale ethereum they took a different approach to scale old l1s or you know slow lay ones the way these scale usually is that they have their own blockchain and you know you can transact there but from time to time they roll up to ethereum from time to time they put all the transactions compress them somehow and you know put it on ethereum so they get the security of ethereum they can technically be called highly decentralized because they're rolling up to ethereum but they're really fast because they're a small blockchain of their own they're like side roads of the main blockchain these have also sort of picked up popularity not as much as you know the faster L ones um but if you know ethereum it's actually really easy to move over to polygon arbitrum because they're all evm chains which means if you write a Sol contract a solidity contract sorry then you can use that here as well that's a brief overview where we'll be spending most of our time we'll be spending our time here Solana maybe SOI ethereum is what we'll be focusing on but if you know ethereum you can you know pretty easily go to L2 we'll be not be spending any time on layer zero protocols this is interesting I've personally you know used Cosmos for building a bunch of my own blockchains but as I said did not find a lot of use case not a lot of big applications today so you know we might not not mind we won't be pursuing any LZ in the cohort moving on applications let's talk about some end user applications if you compare web 3 to AI what you saw on slide number one is gp4 GPT 5 llama big companies that have you know taken the task of doing something extremely challenging some research Engineers working on on some complex problems to create blockchains in itself everything else that's coming are applications built on top of it think of this like a chat gbt website or you know an image Generation website the things that we're going to discuss now are real world applications most of them highly fullstack that are built using the blockchain the very first and most common use case that you know I've personally worked on very heavily is wallets Believe It or Not wallets are one of the biggest use case of crypto no one thought they would be but today they make a lot of money good examples here are Phantom which is worth a billion dollars metamask which is also worth a few billion dollars at least the parent company of metamask um why are they worth this much money because they themselves make money how do wallets make money herir using swap fees most of the time throughout the these slides you'll see most companies make money via swaps a lot of people all around the world not a lot like 1% of the world currently owns crypto and whenever you own crypto you want to convert it from time to time most use cases most companies that make a lot of money make it by having a lot of liquidity and allowing people to swap these assets wallets are one such use case if you ever try a swap in Phantom you will see it says quote includes a 0. 85% phantom fee which means if I make this $14 transaction I'm paying like. 1.
15 to Phantom and if you look at their wallet that you know this money finally goes to it's a lot of money so that's use case number one that's probably why they're worth a billion dollars these are some common wallets a lot of them are multi-chain multi- chain means they work both on sonana on ethereum and you know other blockchains but primarily back backpack and Phantom were originally introduced for Solana and metamask wallet connector to Wallets on ethereum most ethereum wallets work as I said on a bunch of these l2s as well which are evm based so if you ever see a wallet that's ethereum there's a high probability it supports polygon as well backpack is multichain Phantom is multi chain they're trying to you know get some share of this Market but generally primarily Phantom came as a wallet built for Solana eventually went multi chain and then you know these guys will probably come here so whenever you build a wallet company basically you eventually grow horizontally and add more and more blockchains um but these are the popular ones on these two blockchains use case number two a decentralized exchange as you saw here I showed the way a wallet makes money is why swaps but a wallet doesn't really own that logic of actually doing a swap that is owned by a decentralized exchange what is a decentralized exchange zeroda is a centralized exchange decentralized exchange is an exchange that lets you swap crypto assets directly from your own wallets we'll discuss it of course in more detail in the cohort but how do they make money they also make money VI swap fees um whenever you try to convert ethereum to usdc there's some. 1% . 5% that will go to The decentralized Exchange U that's you know facilitating this swap common Dex on Sana Orca Jupiter metora common ones on ethereum 1 in Unis swap there are actually thousands of them now um and these companies sort of write smart contracts that let you do swaps these companies also own the front ends for them but you can build your own front ends they also provide you tools to you know add your own tokens create your own swaps allow you to create a page like this for your own kirat coin thingy if you ever you know build your own that's use case number two use case number three is nft marketplaces they also make a lot of money openc was worth $10 billion in the last Bull Run blood is a popular one on ethereum today how do they make money swap fees you guessed it anytime you buy or sell an nft for example if you see here A bunch of Crypt punks were sold and anytime you buy or sell U an nft whoever is facilitating that trade Mak some money in this case that is blur Solana has its own set of common um nft marketplaces magic Eed and tensor are the big ones there and lastly centralized exchanges they're probably the biggest companies today um other than the layer ones themselves Sexes have are the place where most of the value has been approved binance is the biggest one coinbase coin dcx and ZX in India um this is one of the best you know thing you can build if I'm being honest and you know this is where a lot of money is most normal people don't understand decentralized exchanges or wallets and hence this is an easy way for for them to buy and sell crypto um this is one of the big motivations to build the backpack exchange as well because you know if you're an ambitious team this is an idea you should definitely pursue this a lot of money to be made here because as more and more people will buy crypto this will probably be the first place or you know how they buy crypto for the first time eventually they might move to dexas they might understand private keys but initially no one does that's one of the reasons bance was worth I don't know some $30 billion U probably more coinbase is a public company I think they went public at $100 billion so yeah a great idea to pursue you and ambitious founder um lastly some more use cases I'm going to talk about they also make a lot of money but you know it's hard to explain them um and I don't want to spend too much time with the video doing this so decentralized file storage Google about ipfs file coin RV um anytime you upload an nft image if you see a monkey image that's probably stored on one of these networks and hence these networks also make money um RPC providers highly web to use case U but all blockchains all applications need rpcs what are rpcs we'll discuss um and you know Alchemy was worth I think $10 billion the last one so again you know ambitious idea to pursue um token launch pads nft launch pads especially during bull runs when a lot of tokens and nfts are coming out these make a lot of money if there's an nft mint that raised $10 million 1% 2% of that in some cases can go to the website that facilitated the launch and that's a lot of money stable coins let's not get go there but usdc USD are great use case and you know highly profitable companies payment on Anonymous Shady websites this is like weirdish use case but you know if you've ever tried stake or R bait which are gambling websites initially they were highly unregulated and hence crypto was the best way to pay there slowly they're becoming regulated and you know now crypto is not the best use case you can actually pay by UPI but you have to of course you know kyc which is a good thing either way a lot of these websites that couldn't be bootstrapped by being regulation first started off with crypto and now are slowly adding regulation kyc web2 payments to become more compliant lot of n use cases decentralized funding if youve heard of it a lot of games tried it to do nfts didn't really work much I think there are some that do well right now but you know pretty much was a fad General consultations um creating a blockchain token indexing most wallets that you see here you know a lot of one of wallets I talked about here um they don't own in they want to index the blockchain what is indexing the blockchain they want a copy of the blockchain locally but they don't want to do it in house and hence you know they pay a lot of money to a company to do it so General web to consultancy uh sorry web3 consultancy a lot of banks pay money to you know very big companies to create blockchains understand what's happening things like these decent you know decent issues case to follow all right if you're trying to learn web3 um here is a mental model to follow here is how I would learn it same pattern applies to AI as well let's get right into it all right if you're a web three developer probably 70 to 80% of your time is going to do these tasks and 20% to do this when I got my first offer I wrote a bunch of contracts beginner contracts tutorial contracts and then heavily focused here think of this as a lot of work that you have to do and have decent enough knowledge over here to get into the industry of course if you want to become a core blockchain engineer then you know you probably spend most of your time here but for most application use case that we just discussed you're spending you know decent junk of your time here what is this being able to write some client side JavaScript a lot of the applications are websites so understanding what a browser is how can you create a website how can you create a mobile app depending on you know however your Distributing your application understanding core Web Two backends in any language doesn't matter but the popular ones I've seen are node rust go python not python maybe node go and rust um front ends understanding how to write front ends be it a mobile app or a standard front end bash terminals running commands running a bunch of clis U you should be comfortable with these things I mean you cannot just learn this I guess this is a prequisite a bunch of this is a prequisite for here um of course if you're a core blockchain engineer you don't need to understand how to create websites U but you know if you're at the application Level then you have to do a bunch of this understanding RPC calls how can you call a bunch of things on the blockchain how can you get balances send transactions and lastly deploying to prod multiple times a day this thing gets deployed very often this is like any standard web to company here however you need to number one understand the data model on that specific blockchain number two most of the times learn a new language for ethereum that's solidity for Solana that is rust for sotos that is move so most blockchains would expect you to move out of JavaScript to write smart contract logic but this is heavily tested audited and you know only deployed once every 6 months to a year if you're building a decentralized exchange for example you will create that contract once and then you know iterate on it for months and years and then release it the second time it's like releasing a new machine learning model gpt3 gbt 4 over years whenever this is happening most of the times there is a front end being built on it for example an nft Marketplace might have a Marketplace contract and a front end build on top of it then after a year they might introduce barters or they might introduce lending that's another smart contract and then you know a bunch of frontend logic return on top you have to be very sure before deploying this because if there is a bug you lose billions and millions of dollars and hence you know there isn't a lot of activity on this repository there's a lot of activity there that's a brief of you know where you spend your time usually when you're an engineer and I would say spend similar amount of time when you're trying to build applications when you're trying to learn don't do complete full stack over here don't spend a lot of your time understanding standard web two things but understand how can you integrate web3 things into web2 front ends or you know mobile applications understand where do you need a centralized back end if you have a decentralized application you might need General user logic which wallet belongs to which user you might be indexing the blockchain and storing a copy on your web to database and then you know your back end is what's serving it things like these so that's a brief of you know what you should focus on primarily it means other than these languages that you need to learn based on the blockchain you're targeting you should also learn JavaScript at the very least and you know some web to backend technology and some front end technology so you can actually build an application and you know not just build a smart contract this is a visual representation of the same if you have a GitHub repository where you have all of your code you'll probably have a bunch of backends centralized back ends in not j colang a front-end repository a mobile app repository and then finally you know um a programs folder in which you dump all of your folders that be rust files in case of Solana that would be solidity files in case of U ethereum right that's a brief overview with that let's go through the syllabus the syllabus will most probably be very similar for the final cohort as well it's very 0 to 1 1 to 100 driven it has a lot of projects and I would urge you to in case you want to do it yourself also you know follow the cabus in a similar format build projects in a similar format and go from there let's get to the very first bit which is 0 to one for the first two weeks we'll do Foundation the reason for this is not a lot of people know blockchains people don't even know what private keys and public keys are so this is like a very Normy thing to do by Normy I mean you know even if you don't know coding you'll be able to understand most of this as long as you have a laptop of course and a terminal let me quickly take you through all the topics although like just feel free to read through them understanding what are blockchains decentralization why was it introduced rpcs what are they how do you talk to a blockchain common LPC methods you know what are the things that you might want to do if you're just an army and interacting with the blockchain few standard jargon cryptography this might be some place we spend a little bit of time on crypto the name itself as cryptography so you know good to know these algorithms you know don't keep them as a jargon for a really long time um gas transactions how does a blockchain work public and private Keys creating your own private Keys newonics things like these derivation paths U what are tokens what are non-fungible tokens nfts and you know how are they different from a normal token um basic cryptography signing messages using private Keys devend versus main environments airdropping yeah basically a lot of very basic stuff by the end of it every slide will have this end goal okay this is something you should be able to do if you can do it yourself great if not go back here and you'll learn and come back here the end goal here is you can create a wallet via a command line interface so as I said you need a laptop you need a terminal but as long as you have that you should be able to create a wallet you should have a private key understand what private keys are why should you keep them secure uh generate a private key public key air drop some native tokens there do some transactions on them and you know explore them on an Explorer basically become very comfortable with very bare minimum things that you need to know before you even think of writing any code that'll be something we'll do for the first two weeks super important you know if for most people because I'm assuming most people have not you know interacted with the blockchain don't know what it is after the foundations a good thing to understand is what are wallets how do they work how can you create your own wallet this will teach you number one public Keys private keys but in a more userfriendly context how real users in the real world use and maintain public and private Keys you'll understand how you can talk to the blockchain one of the best parts over here would be connecting to rpcs from wallet and you know understanding the common transactions you can send the common queries that you can send and you know how you pass the responses from there um showing token balances nft balances how does a wallet interact with the tab we'll understand this we'll not build a wallet that actually lets you we'll not build Phantom metamask basically but we'll build something very close to it signing messages versus signing transactions common derivation paths when you're making people create a wallet we'll create something very similar to this we'll not create it on the near blockchain but if you look at this wallet myar wallet.
com it will show you a web based wallet um this is not the most ideal way to create a wallet most wallets are extensions but you know that is a whole can of forms we don't want to get into so we create a website similar to this on both Solana and ethereum so multi-chain web- based wallet and we'll add a wallet impersonator feature over there that suddenly became very controversial when it came in a few big wallets we'll try to build that on top of this basic wallet functionality by the end of it creating a wallet and creating a react app that lets you create wallets impersonate people all that jazz the next few weeks are going to heavily focus on transactions you can understand a lot about the blockchain how it works by looking at all the transactions that are currently happening on ethereum let's say there are 100 transactions per second on Sana let's say there are a th000 transactions that are happening per second each one of these transactions is someone clicking a button somewhere and trying to do something understanding what that is understanding what data goes in understanding how that executes on the blockchain is what a lot of this section is going to be by the end of it we'll try to create a website like asset Dash basically a portfolio tracker transaction tracker block scanner kind of a website where you can come put up a bunch of your wallets and you know look at all the activity that's happening on all of your wallets or you know your friends wallet again a website and you know we need need to learn a little bit of react for this all of this will be covered in the cohort if you already know react then great this is a fairly easy thing to build by the end of it understanding a lot of common transaction formats how you pass them and creating a portfolio or airdropping website transaction passing and a lot of things that we learn here for example index parameters will come in later on as well when we understand indexing blockchains next up we'll move to decentralized exchanges by this point we have a bunch of apps but you know they don't allow swapping swapping in itself is a challenging thing to build so we'll try to understand again purely client side thankfully a lot of smart people have deployed smart contracts we'll be using them to add a swap functionality to our websites for this we need to understand what are liquidity pools what are dexes what are amm and how can you create your own token basically create a market like the one that we saw a few slides ago something like this but for your own tokens have a kir token over here and then you know swap it for usdc how does the price of your token go up and down how can you even create your own token and you know put it on the blockchain for other people to buy and how the price of that will be will go up and down I have a strong feeling this will cause a lot of spam on the blockchain and you know everyone will go and create their own tokens um but hopefully it won't happen on mainnet by the end of 0 to1 we'll be able to build a website similar to this this is the near wallet website we'll also build something like this asset Dash where you can come connect all of your wallets and you know look at your total portfolio look at all the nfts that you have all the tokens that you have all the transactions that you have done and you know par them in a user friendly readable fashion 0 to one ends here the goal of 0 to one is to understand a lot of client side logic understand how can you build a website that interacts with a blockchain without creating a smart contract on it the goal is as I said understand the 80% really well a lot of times this 80% is good enough I said this in the web dev cot as well 0 to1 is great and enough context for you to start contributing to projects start understanding them a lot of 1 to 100 stuff is only needed sometimes when you join a company or if you're extremely senior and you're interviewing for a company 0 to one even for the webd Cod and this one is great to get all the context you need to be able to build full stack applications on top of other other people's smart contracts building smart contracts on your own is what we'll be doing in 1200 there might be more blockchains we add here but for now our goal will be ethereum and Solana for ethereum they should probably take more than 3 weeks I think this might be a month we'll be going through solidity the syntax of it how do you create smart contracts what are smart contracts the data model on ethereum how do you actually store it on ethereum how do you get charged for It remix versus truffle versus Foundry a bunch of tools that let you create smart contracts and test them opens Ze of a bunch of popularly available smart contracts that you can just extend and use in your application bite code abis and evm how does the final thing that goes on the blockchain look like how does it get executed writing smart contract will extend erc721 and create you know an nft contract that lets people mint nfts and lastly we'll create an escrow contract which you know we'll write from scratch ourselves the big contract we'll build ourselves by the end of this would be a restricted nft mint basically adding some logic to restrict the amount of people that can mint a specific NF based on emails or something else again a web 2 plus web 3 common use case um exploring common smart contracts open has a library of them and you know you a lot of times use them and directly extend them without understanding them we'll try to understand some of them explore some of them we'll spend a lot of time basically looking at contracts that other people have written and you know writing some of our own solidity and understanding the synx is probably where half of the time will go and then you know going through all the contracts is the rest half of the time um end goal by the end of it is writing your own smart contracts local development for solidity in case you want to do it on your own machine you probably should and lastly creating nft contract that's restricted by emails somehow what data should you store on chain or otherwise that lets you restrict the people who are able to Mint a specific nft that'll be the back end front end once you have your own smart contract how do you connect Wallets on ethereum up until now we'll not be doing any external wallet logic we'll create a wallet of our own but from this point we'll be using wallets like metamask Phantom to actually create a decentralized application or what's shortly called or what's called adap the one that we'll be creating is for the same contract from the last one if you want to create a page where people can come and me your nft but only your friends can come basically the front end for something like this the goal would be to learn about wallet adapters and you know how can you connect wallets how can you make wallets sign transactions how can you debit money from other people's wallet the end goal would be a full stack application an nft mint application where people can come and you know mint an nft by paying a certain price then we'll move on to Solana this will probably be the most interesting and the most difficult bit here that's why it's put towards the end here we first have to understand rust which in itself should take again yeah four to six weeks because Rush itself will take at least two to three weeks understanding the syntax that we need and you know The Primitives that we need to be able to write smart contracts then we'll go to the salana CLI we'll go through the token program we'll basically try to read the code of the token program Associated token program metadata program to understand how can you create tokens how can you attach metadata to them and then of course we'll write a bunch of code to you know create our own tokens and attach metadata to them um data models on salana understanding pdas we'll create a full stack Kish application like a very web to use case and understand how PDS are actually very close to postc tables and how do you store data what's the data model how do you associate and relate data between a user and you know their onchain data create an escrow contract here as well it's the most beginner friendly contract that you can create this contract you know can be used to create a decentralized Fiverr Marketplace you know bunch of use cases basically can be encapsulated by a single escrow contract if you want to do a P2P bter pretty much the same thing you have to do you have to Escrow some money store it somewhere and then you know the other person can come exchange the other asset and pull out the money um Deep dive into some contract that are written by core Solana Engineers specifically the token program attaching metadata to tokens and nfts understanding the data model here and lastly exploring some common programs that exist on Solana end goal here would be to write a smart contract of our own I forgot which one we'll see in the next slide and then you know local Solana development how can you yeah create smart contracts on Solana then we'll create a front end for this application as well understand the wallet adapters that exists on Solana create an Ico contract ah yes create an initial coin offering contract this one will be super interesting I don't know how many of you were part of no one was there was a Genesis go mint that happened a few years ago they raised like 20 million or something like that and since then you know I've been fascinated by building something like this so we'll build basically a website where people can come they have the next 3 days to invest money and you know whatever is the investment that is raised in VI of that they'll get a different token after 3 days and then the token will be put on some deck to you know swap if you did not understand it's fine this will be a sort of difficult project to build specifically the contract of it so you know yeah this is as we move towards the end we'll start to aim more ambitious projects this being one of them um create the front end for it where the user you know gets a token allocation I'll just share the video of how this is done first and then create a front end for it that lets users invest money in you know some company and get a token for it it's also known as an initial coin offering on you know an Ico all right the goal is to all right the goal is to build a front end for your DBS lastly we'll understand about indexing blockchains we'll index the ethereum blockchain ourselves we'll try to you know store a lot of ethereum data for some interested addresses in our database and then we'll understand how you do the same in slana it's it's a little hard to do in salana and a little expensive as well so we'll understand how to do it in salana we will actually do it in ethereum and this becomes super useful if you want to create any web to use case where you want people to pay if you want to create an e-commerce website where you want people to pay via crypto you need this if you want to create an exchange you this if you want to create a gambling website any web to use case where you want people to pay via crypto is where you know you have to index the blockchain um and lastly we'll build an exchange SL gambling website it doesn't matter what we building in the end the core logic could be allowing people to swap assets or it could be you know allowing people to play a game and make more money or make less money doesn't matter either way the thing to learn here would be how do you deposit and withdraw money if you have an exchange in a secure way how can you take money from people let them do something with it and then whatever money they've made or lost send it back to them by the end of it this logic if you know well is you know when you can create your own payment Gateway if you want you can build 10 different use cases so the use case doesn't matter we can pick and choose based on which which want to build or build both of them um this thing will be the hot path here and you know the thing that we'll be spending time on and understanding and lastly storing the private key somewhere hot and cold wallets how can you hold billions of dollars of other users and sleep at night without being worried we'll also understand about how you sweep deposits because yeah when you have to accept payments it's a slightly Twisted use case how do you build that use case and what are the challenges that come there um end goal would be to create an exchange or create a gambling website 1200 will probably end here I think if you add them up it'll probably be 6 months is is my current guess we'll see uh 0 to 1 might get squeezed a little bit 1 to 100 might get increase a little bit that's my current guess but you know we'll see how long the course goes um free resources to learn these are the best ones I could create a very long list I'll probably create one and put it in the description but you know if you want to learn for free all the things that I've taught either Google or you know Alchemy has a solidity course Solana has the program Library which if you don't know rush you probably cannot read this but if you do great resource to learn not just about the client side logic but you know what actual contracts what actual function it calls on the blockchain and lastly sold dev.
