I am happy to fix the noble American land for the first time today and I bring a very cordial greeting from the Dominican people and government to the American people and government. I deeply appreciate the reception that has been offered to me today on behalf of the government and I put in my heart at the service of the ideals of peace of union and cordiality in the american continent this is rafael leonidas trujillo molina who ruled the dominican republic from 1930 to 1961 for 1940 had under his ownership a good part of the national economic activity through Several companies that monopolized the commercialization of basic products by 1960 their investments had risen vertiginously, reaching only in the sugar industry, the most important in the country, 60 percent of all investment, leaving 30 percent to companies with North American capital and a 10 percent to sectors of the traditional bourgeoisie apart from the large investments it had in Other lines of the economy, such as land, livestock industries and real estate, among others, accumulated a personal fortune close to 800 million dollars, estimated among the six largest in the world in his time, in the shadow of his dictatorship, the process of industrialization of the In the country, solid institutions of the Dominican state were created, the foreign debt was eliminated and the highest levels of political and economic independence that the Dominican Republic knew during the 20th century were established within the margins allowed by the North American government in the exercise of power exhibited a complete lack of scruples using fraud and dishonesty to achieve any purpose and when these failed him he used violence and murder with equal naturalness he did not allow any type of opposition to his regime and although it is difficult to determine the number of people who died for reasons politicians or by simple personal whim of tru jillo or his conservative estimated relatives are established in more than 30,000 human beings who lost their lives under his dictatorship his career began during the years of the military intervention and on May 15, 1916 the US Marines invaded the Dominican Republic claiming to defend the The government of Juan Isidro Jiménez, who was besieged by the Aryan forces of desiderio, later the occupation forces argued that the country had violated the Dominican-American convention of 1907 after disarming the entire population, the North American troops proceeded to organize the National Guard to which recruited young men of their trust and former Dominican military the young Rafael Trujillo entered that body on December 18, 1918 receiving his first test of fire in the combats and skirmishes that the invading troops sustained against the nationalist guerrillas in the eastern region of the country popularly known as the gavilleros no more On August 15, 1921 Trujillo entered the school for chain officers on the outskirts of Santo Domingo where he graduated with honors and his rank as an officer was confirmed under the guidance of North American military instructors. The Trujillo officer learned the techniques of use and administration of the force in addition to strengthening his natural gift of command in a report of those years the major thomas watson of the marine corps referring to trujillo stated is a serene controlled energetic active and industrious man considered this officer one of the best in service in October of the following year, Trujillo was promoted to captain of the Dominican National Police and appointed head of the sixth company based in San Francisco de Macorís on February 23, 1924, Major César succeeded, commander of the northern department of the army, tragically died in Santiago.
five days later the daily list newspaper under the direction of the leader or racist arturo pellerano sardá He affirmed several people have approached us to beg us to tell us something about the successor of Major Caesar, now in the northern command of the army, pleading for our mediation to whom it corresponds, the honorable captain Trujillo has been definitively designated for being this young military man from those with the best record in service and one of the most serious and honorable members of said institution, in addition to being already known in this society, on July 12, 1924, the North American troops withdrew from Santodomingo, leaving behind a country with an economy organized according to the needs of the North American market with the Dominican customs administered by American officials and with a national guard organized and trained by the marine corps they built the three main roads they introduced a new system of territorial property they significantly increased sugar production and introduced institutional changes is that they modernized the operational capacity of the country, they also increased the state's debt with the United States to finance the public works program that they executed, preventing the Dominican state from negotiating new international loans without prior authorization from the North American government. These and other restrictions that already existed in the convention of 1907 they were imposed on the country a new time by means of the Dominican-American convention of 1924 under which the national territory was vacated on the same day of the unemployment, General Horacio Vázquez took possession of the Presidency of the Republic. won the elections held on March 15 of that year with an overwhelming majority of votes over his opponent, attorney Francisco Jota Combed, upon taking office, President Vázquez Trujillo sat the transitory rank of Major and Commander of the North Department with a seat in Santiago.
3 in the military ranks below chief of the army Colonel Buenaventura commander Cabral and Lieutenant Colonel Jesus Garcia despite being the number 3 on December 6, 1924 the vázquez president promoted him to lieutenant colonel and appointed him chief of staff of the army based in the Fort Ozama good horse the beautiful woman creation of track in the power of the horse when we went to the bank we closed the doors and paid it to what I go there so that they attack by force a distant vice you do not remember when we went to the field closed the door To send him was the force Marquis Horacio Vázquez and his national party had won the elections allied to the progressive party of Federico Velázquez, who held the vice-presidency of the Republic for a period of four years, two hours. Cistas who during the electoral campaign had used the slogan of the no reelection and had sworn to be only four years in the government presented a series of legal technicalities to extend for two more years the period of government of Horacio Bases this maneuver of the hours istas provoked a wave of protests in diverse sectors of the population including the vice president of the republic Federico Velázquez who resigned, leaving the alliance between the national and progressive parties definitively broken by 1929 the administrative corruption It reached scandalous levels due to the existing financial disorder and at the request of the North American diplomat, somewhere a commission of financial experts was visited , chaired by former North American Vice President Charles Davis with the intention of organizing the nation's finances, said commission verified acts of corruption in several dependencies. of the state including the army whose headquarters was trujillo and where there was a deficit of more than four hundred thousand pesos a year while in silence the head of the army controlled military forces and economic power, the racists engaged in an intergroup struggle to occupy the position that President Vázquez would leave like this Dr José Dolores Alfonseca has ascended to the Vice Presidency of the Republic He represented a group of close collaborators to President Vázquez and rivaled the group led by Minister Martín de Moya nephew Trina in the middle of this group struggle Trujillo He declared himself to be impartial and faithful to the orders of President Vázquez, but the contradictions between him and Dr Alfonseca were known , which stimulated Martin de Moya and his group accor de Carlos in search of his support in view of the fact that Dr Alfonseca had the control of the party and was emerging as a sure presidential candidate Horacio to strengthen his aspirations to continue and weaken alfonseca secretly encouraged the group of martín de moya and stimulated the power of trujillo to appear as the necessary mediator did not delay the rise of groups within the body promoting his re-election for a new presidential term 1930 1934 for that s days the ambitions of power and the conspiratorial activities of trujillo were known to everyone in the newspaper the information of santiago the poet ramón emilio jiménez affirmed something that perhaps is going unnoticed both for the followers of martín de moya and for those of alfonseca is The appearance of a new candidate on the political scene, Don Horacio himself, perhaps he does not know, is veiled Candidate who sees work observes hiding his attitude and caressing his hidden dream is nothing less than Brigadier Trujillo, head of the national army, if it is Trujillo than daily It increases its flows because it is in that in the matter in business naturally not shadowing Don Horacio that never on the contrary looking for its shadow so that they do not see it, it is also highly sympathetic to the US government and as in this country the constitution is almost always a myth nothing strange would have that compassion for everything trujillo will rise to the first magistracy of the state in the same newspaper but on another date the columnist Rafael Se Tolentino said Trujillo only needs three things to get strength and he has money and he has the opportunity and is waiting for him on the other hand in the newspaper el mundo appeared an article written by a young man of barely 20 years of name Juan Bosch who affirmed it is undeniable that in the presidential mansion a tyranny is brewing that threatens the Dominican people and this land that so many males have made it impossible to form a hydra with tragic heads we have two ways to follow crossing our arms and see the tragedy of a tyranny pass by or cross the road in a great demonstration of civility to wait for us to undo the legs of the monster that threatens despite his promise not to be reelected and despite his deteriorating health, Horacio Vázquez agreed to present himself again as Presidential candidate six days later left by airplane to the city of Baltimore in the United States where he would undergo an intervention n surgical procedure to remove his left kidney upon assuming the functions of president of the republic vice president alfonseca stimulated by the leader now attends santiagués virgilio martínez reyna organized a plan to remove trujillo from the army headquarters he sent for trujillo to present himself In his office in the presidential mansion, he did not arrive at the appointed time and when they were not expecting him, he appeared before President Alfonseca accompanied by 20 army officers 2 before the show of force in Trujillo and the mediation of the North American Minister doctor alfonseca hesitated and chose to leave the final decision on the army chief until don horacio vázquez returned with him order the most recognized on january 4, 1930 return from baltimore president vasquez recently operated on bill and convalescents resumed his functions in the presidential mansion immediately his closest associates informed him of the pla Trujillo's conspiracies suggesting his swift removal from office, but Horacio Vázquez did not take these suggestions into account and gave credence to the pledges of loyalty that Trujillo made him.
In 1930, the Dominican Republic was submerged in a deep economic crisis as a consequence of the The precipitous fall in the prices of Dominican products in the North American market of 28. 8 million in 1928 reached a minimum of 9. 5 million dollars at the worst moment of the crisis, this caused a wave of discontent and an acute political crisis that engulfed the The main institutions of the Dominican state with the exception of the army, where the iron discipline and the levels of professionalism achieved made it possible for the state institution to become a lamason.
In view of this situation, the politicians of the time courted Trujillo trying to get the support of the army. for his particular political projects one of them was the licentiate ra Fael Estrella Ureña who had been Minister in Rome 'of the government of President Vázquez during the years of the rise of Italian fascism upon his return to the country with a group of professionals from Santiago founded the Republican Party and began to conspire clandestinely with the head of the army before The repeated refusals of the North American Legation to support his plans to take power Trujillo sent three of his closest collaborators, Colonel Vázquez, to Rivera Rafael Vidal Torres and Mr Roberto Despradel to consult with the American Colonel Richard Kutz, who had been chief of Trujillo during the military intervention and who was in Haitian Port-au-Prince commanding the North American troops that occupied that country in January 1930 the North American Minister in Santo Domingo Evans Young, who had great influence on Trujillo and who had been promised to respect the constitutional order was relieved of his position and took over his place was charles vitartis, sunday, february 23, 1930, and the lawyer, rafael, star, ureña, who enjoyed broad popular support in the cibao, seized the sandwich fortress of santiago at the head of a group of armed civilians and backed by deciding areas and brache wounds among Others, the rebels do not find resistance and immediately organize the march on the capital the next day in Santo Domingo, in response to the complaint that the army chief was supporting the rebels and, given their imminent entry into the city, President Vázquez, his wife, Mr. trina de moya and part of his cabinet request asylum in the north american diplomatic legation the american minister charles karting tells the president that it is not necessary to take asylum since general trujillo assured him that he remained loyal to the government moments later everyone left for the ozama fortress including minister charles kartings already in fortress ozama president vázquez heading to trujil You ask him the general question, I want to know if I am your president or your prisoner.
Truquillo replied, Mr President, you are my president. Order immediately, President Vázquez ordered the departure of Colonel Count Alfonseca, a military man of his absolute confidence with 20 men to confront the rebels who They were approaching on the Duarte highway to withdraw the president of the Truquillo fortress instructed Colonel Simon Díaz to meet with Colonel Alto Seca and relieve him in command of the troops and allow the advance of the rebels on the city on Tuesday 25 In February, the city of Santo Domingo was taken by the rebels with symbolic shots in the air while the army remained quartered under the orders of Trujillo, finally, with the mediation of the North American legation, an agreement was reached between the rebel leaders and General Horacio Vásquez Among the agreed points were, first, the immediate resignation of President Vázquez and the The appointment of Rafael Estrella Urena as Minister of the Interior so that, in accordance with the current constitution, he will become president of the Republic. Second, the appointment of a cabinet with representatives of all the parties.
Third, to guarantee and respect the results of the next general elections on the 16th. May 1930 and fourth remove all kinds of restrictions on candidates except Alfonseca doctor and the general trujillo which may not stand as candidates for the various presidential days after the agreement the lawyer Rafael Estrella Ureña surely as president of the republic in At first he named his cabinet made up of hours cistas de los cistas and friends of his, but in the face of the repressive wave unleashed by the army, most of them had to resign to make way for the followers of Trujillo. It was a strictly confidential report to the State Department dated on March 7, 1930 American Minister Charles B eeker teese when referring to trujillo says among the prominent men of the republic it is doubted that no one without even excluding doctor alfonseca is so hated by a great number of people as trujillo the events of the revolution reveal that trujillo is a cunning and treacherous ingenious man dangerous for both his enemies and his friends disloyal to his word and his duty seeking to further his own interests by good or bad means is determined to be the hand that guides the new kingdom seems to aspire to be a new life and God protect the country if manages to consolidate in power while rumors increased that Trujillo was going to be proclaimed presidential candidate the army was leading a wave of terror throughout the country and after the month of March six small parties united under the name of confederation of parties and proclaimed the candidacies of rafael leónidas trujillo for the presidency of the republic and that of rafael estrella ureña for vice president The organized racists in the national party and the Velasquistas in the progressive united and revived the progressive national alliance to support this time the candidacies of Mr Federico Velázquez for the presidency of the Republic and Mr Ángel Morales for the vice-presidency in 1930.
Most of the income of the Dominican state came from customs and the sugar industry. Customs were controlled by the North American government and the industry was mostly owned by North American companies. Governments not recognized by the United States could not dispose of the resources generated.
For these activities, hence the North American diplomatic legation in Santo Domingo will play a decisive role in the political events of the Truquillo era, just as other politicians who opposed it made an effort from the first moment to obtain the approval of the North Americans for their presidential aspirations. the 27th of March In 1930, Trujillo, accompanied by Rafael Brache and Roberto Despradel, moved to the town of Commander the border with Haiti where, with the sponsorship of the US State Department, he held an interview with Colonel Richard Coach of the US Marine Corps 30 days later, he affirmed in danger in following me at no time the investiture with which the results of the May elections can favor me will serve to finalize the popular will which it serves at this time and which it will really serve in the future, well no and the opposition candidates withdraw from the electoral process and start a judicial process in the court of appeal of Santo Domingo to request the annulment of the elections on May 16, 1930, the general elections are held with the participation of a single candidate, General Leonidas Trujillo Molina, according to estimates, only one 25% of the electorate went to the polls and yet Trujillo was proclaimed the winner with 223,851 votes an amount that according to it was stated exceeded the number of registered voters the horrendous assassination of the leader now if sta virgilio martínez reina and his pregnant wife showed how far trujillo and his followers were capable of going in their struggle to concentrate all power in his hands in June 1930 the opposition organized an armed uprising throughout the country to try to oust Trujillo from power in Moca General Cipriano Bencosme rebels in arms and goes to the mountains in Santiago but a star rises in the mountains from the area, Truquillo vigorously confronts the uprisings, orders the arrest of the opposition leaders and moves to Moca to direct operations against the rebels, who to do good it is necessary to be strong and the good must be imposed after five months stop the persecution of the General Cipriano Bencosme is killed by the army troops two months before the inauguration of Trujillo the options of the o position were clearly defined or submit to their will or go into exile the latter for those who were still alive in those days exiled to Puerto Rico martín de moya horacio vásquez angel morales federico velázquez alfredo ricard much to bar espina angel maria soler josé dolores alfonseca luís efe mejía and months later he was followed by leovigildo neck and doctor ramón de lara, among others, trujillo began the practice of humiliating and bending to his will relevant figures of the dominican oligarchy since before he was sworn in as constitutional president the lawyer manuel de Jesús troncoso de la concha, one of the most important members of the oligarchy, was arrested on July 22, 1930 and walked handcuffed with the count in the capital city without being charged with actions like this, the majority now attend and their Most outstanding figures ended up quickly folding under trujillo's orders on August 16 In 1930, in the middle of a grandiose and monumental ceremony where alms were distributed to the poor and champagne was offered without limit to the army officers and to the special guests, Rafael Leonidas Trujillo Molina took office as Constitutional President of the Dominican Republic upon assuming the The trujillo presidency was 37 years old and possessed a marked social resentment that would accompany him until the end of his life and that would be present in most of his works and actions to understand the strength of this feeling that was nested in the depths of His being must be traced back to his origins in the town of San Cristóbal Born on October 24, 1891 in a provincial home of the lower middle class, he was number 3 of a family of 11 pro brothers created by the marriage of José Trujillo Valdés and julia altagracia molina chevalier in the midst of a large family with a drunken and womanizing father who neglected his home responsibilities on n iño rafael leonidas grew up lacking in affection and paternal affection, on the contrary, rejection and contempt or colored his family's relations with part of the community due to the criminal acts and fraudulent actions carried out by his brothers and even his father was This situation led the young Rafael Leonidas to seek affection and protection in the shadow of his uncle Plinio Pin a Chevalier, an official of the government of Vázquez with social prestige and a good economic position, although he did not stop sharing some misdeeds with his brothers under the tutelage of his Uncle Plinio made an effort to differentiate himself from his natural environment by dressing impeccably and taking care of his way of behaving before others. Therefore, he began his struggle to be accepted in the high society of the time, although he did not manage to pass the fifth year of primary education thanks to the recommendation of his uncles pliny and teodule was accepted in several jobs first as operator of the telegraph of san cristóbal later as a country guard at the bocachica sugar mill and finally an officer of the national guard created by the US Marines as an army officer and despite the merits achieved by Trujillo, his repeated application to join the social clubs of the demanding Dominican oligarchy of Then for his excessive pride and his disorderly ambition these rejections meant a deep life with saying in turn a great resentment against the sectors that did not accept him, he will tear down the lines well considered juices and put them at his feet in dominating all facets of society.
hostile and for money and for his fist to make all men and women depend on him and then to enlarge the world thus enslaved, here are what the ends of his existence had become with these feelings he took to the stage on August 16 , 1930 to take oath as constitutional president of the republic this was the dominican republic of 1930 a population n approximately one million two hundred fifty-six thousand 48 people 80 percent of whom lived in the countryside more than 80 percent of its illiterate population only three main roads throughout the country and two railways in the northern region an economy based fundamentally in agriculture and oriented towards exports with an almost total absence of internal markets its territory divided politically into 12 provinces Customs controlled directly by the North American government an external debt of 20 million dollars whose amortization had to begin to pay quickly before its expiration in 1940 and 1942 and finally a suffocating economic crisis that affected all sectors of the population in March 1930 the North American legation in Santo Domingo sent a strictly confidential report to the State Department in Washington informing about the qualities of the main collaborators of trujillo many of which appear here in this first cabinet rafael vidal towers has been convicted of embezzlement and murder and was sentenced to 14 years in prison but was released due to the influence of trujillo has no descent and no elías ability to h in the combination of lack of principles rules and those qualities that make the character of a man so that it seems predominant he has intrigued with everyone and has betrayed everyone roberto despradel is a work of trujillo has not shown great ability as an economist and appears to be honest antonio jorge is a Syrian illiterate whose only merit is to have participated as a general in the February uprising almost uncombed is a prestigious lawyer but lazy and without initiative this was the opinion that the North American legation had on them the other members of the cabinet did not appear in the report but His activities were known to all, César Tolentino was the director of the newspaper La Información de Santiago From whose pages the February uprising against Horacio Vásquez was encouraged, said newspaper being turned into an instrument of support and promotion of the activities of Trujillo José Manuel Jiménez, son of the former president when Isidro Jiménez, two months after being appointed, resigned Teódulo Pina Chevalier Uncle De Trujillo was a lawyer for the North American sugar companies and head of the intelligence service of the Dominican National Police created by the Marines. He was the person who had the most influence over Trujillo. On September 3, 1930, the city of Santo Domingo was destroyed by a powerful cyclone.
With winds of approximately 290 kilometers per hour, the cyclone of Sants, where with a balance of two thousand dead, six thousand injured, more than nine thousand five hundred buildings destroyed and around 30,000 homeless people in the middle of the tragedy in Trujillo, showed extraordinary energy and of great capacity of work and of ruler was everywhere s stimulating, organizing and working with foreign experts who arrived to help in the recovery of the city when the crisis caused by the hurricane gave way, the work of trujillo began in March 1931, general desiderio arias rebelled in the mountains of máó before To do so, he had addressed Trujillo, telling him to offer me to collaborate with his government, thinking that his government was going to follow the tradition of respect for citizenship that the Dominican Republic had enshrined for many years, but in his government a series of crimes are being committed and I I can not allow my name to be involved in the crimes and atrocities being committed in Dominican republic with the death of arias Desiderio disappeared the last of the regional caudillos Dominicans and was finally eliminated public opposition to the Trujillo regime which more security offered to the personality of the trick was to know that he was backed by weapons always pr Much attention was paid to these and the men who managed them, frequently removing command posts and constantly insisting on the loyalty that they should maintain towards their person, no one ignores the life of the women and what was achieved by the god of assistance does not carry in their human reality of loyalty as a reason to weave your passage through the world to live honorably in the leg with the monopoly of arms in the hands of an army controlled by him and in the face of rumors of invasion by the political exiles Trujillo along with his staff made A tour in December 1931 through the 12 provinces of the country accompanied by 1,400 army personnel in each of the provinces prepared a parade where numerous military equipment was exhibited, including a battery of light artillery, heavy machine guns, asphyxiating bombs, automatic rifles, motorcycles, machine guns of hand and several walls to load the cannons the parades were led by the band de música del ejército dirigida por los tenientes josé cerón y rafael ignacio acompañaron a trujillo en este recorrido el general de brigada ramón vázquez a ribera el coronel pedro a estrella los tenientes coroneles ernesto pérez y fernando a sánchez y el mayor manuel a también los capitanes mélido marte fausto caamaño y antonio leyva po solo dos civiles acompañaron a trujillo en este recorrido militar el doctor francisco pensó y el licenciado joaquín balaguer el primero su médico particular para cuidar de su salud y el segundo su orador preferido para redactar le los discursos y corregirle sus declaraciones de prensa uno de sus apologistas de la época parafraseando a leónidas el legendario rey espartano afirmó estamos en paz bajo la sombra de las armas no no no bueno el 2 de agosto de 1931 se funda el partido dominicano el cual se convertiría en un eficaz mecanismo de propaganda control y vigilancia de la población al servicio de trujillo como partido único al servicio del régimen er a obligatorio afiliarse a este para cualquier gestión ante los organismos estatales el ciudadano debía presentar el carnet del partido conocido popularmente como la palmita el símbolo que adoptó el partido fue la palma real y su lema cuatro palabras que coincidían con el nombre completo del dictador rectitud libertad trabajo y tiempo después se agregó moralidad desde esos primeros años trujillo montó una maquinaria económico financiera que le dio un sostén económico personal a su dominación política esta maquinaria se creó conjuntamente con la ejecución de la política económica de la dictadura la cual tomó un impulso inusitado a partir de la ley de emergencia de octubre de 1931 parado en esta ley trujillo dispuso una serie de medidas económicas que incluyeron la paralización unilateralmente de los pagos por concepto de amortización de la deuda externa con la banca norteamericana disminuyó el gasto del estado por medio de despidos masivos de empleados y reducciones de sueldos y equilibr ó la balanza comercial por medio de disminuciones acentuadas de las importaciones diseñó una política estatal de incentivo a la producción nacional de arroz grasas animales queso mantequilla calzados muebles y otros productos agrícolas y manufactureros fomentando así la producción para el mercado interno y sustituyendo la gran mayoría de las importaciones los resultados exitosos de esta política debido en gran medida a los métodos despóticos que se emplearon mantuvieron controlada la crisis económica que sufría el país trujillo era un hombre inteligente sereno valiente organizado y trabajador con un extraordinario don de mando y con profundo conocimiento de los más oscuros sentimientos del ser humano además de una implacable autodisciplina era inculto pero con su astucia sabía manejar a los más relevantes intelectuales y por ende escucharlos y someterse a sus proyectos pero a todas las cualidades que adornaban su persona les fueron agregadas otras que sometidas a un proceso exagerado d e elogio y exaltación se magnificaron hasta el extremo de atribuir a trujillo poderes sobrenaturales así numerosos homenajes condecoraciones reconocimientos y títulos se sucedían constantemente pero sólo cuatro se hicieron obligatorios mencionar al referirse a él públicamente generalísimo de los ejércitos nacionales otorgados por el congreso nacional el 26 de mayo de 1933 doctor honoris causa en todas las facultades de la universidad de santo domingo en octubre de 1934 padre de la patria nueva y benefactor de la patria otorgado por el congreso el 16 de agosto de 1933 en santiago el grande hombre no tiene que ser poeta ni pintor y escultor solo tiene que ser uno de esos hombres a quien platón llamaba hombres divinos a cuya zaga y seguimiento deben marchar todos los ciudadanos que viven bajo un buen gobierno según aconsejaba el inmortal filósofo griego cuando un pueblo los ríe uno de esos héroes o uno de esos hombres divinos ese pueblo ve en él al auténtico protagonista de todo el aconte cer de su cultura porque es él quien enmarca y condiciona el perfil de su historia es el hombre necesario lo repetimos y ese es el caso de trujillo y tú y yo repito no ha creado la nacionalidad y afianzaron en cambio los elementos que la constituyen integrando la de manera definitiva e imprimiéndole con dos de los talleres o de su voluntad creadora el vigor y la consistencia con que de ahora en adelante perdurará en la historia y no ha sido capaz de llevar a cabo semejante estricto sin disputar el título de benefactor de la patria esto acreedor a este título y acreedor al título más grande todavía de padre y civilizador de la república y yo a completar olivar de libertad e independencia de nación de unitarios parte a través del tiempo correspondió al licenciado casi into peinado alcanzar la cúspide más alta del servilismo y la duración al crear la insólita relación de dios y trujillo la cual en lo adelante sería usada con frecuencia por sus alabarderos y cortesanos más destacados cuand o un americano expresa que debe subir es área de trujillo no hacía otra cosa que hacerse intérprete de este hecho famoso que se ha cumplido aquí por primera vez en la historia la presencia de trujillo en una patria es una realidad tan viva como lo es con frecuentes pronunciamientos como estos los intelectuales al servicio del régimen situaron la figura del tirano por encima de todos los mortales generando en la población sentimientos de admiración y veneración a su persona lo que a su vez estimulaba una conducta de sumisión y aceptación del poder personal del dictador a esto hay que agregar la megalomanía ilimitada de carácter mesiánico que exhibía trujillo la república dominicana afrontará un ángulo y esta situación cuyas grandes proporciones asimilarse a las existente aquellos primeros años de nuestra vida republicana y fue precisamente entonces cuando obedeciendo las exigencias de gestar en el mismo a cantar nariz y que pareciera vista la vida de los pueblos las miradas de estar gas bendik antes del viernes hacia mí las miradas de espaldas vendí cante volvieron hacia mí las miradas después de alicante la vida energía mente pero a pesar de su delirio de grandeza y del esfuerzo intelectual para mitificarlo la gente del pueblo en sus conversaciones privadas al referirse a él usaban el apodo con el cual lo bautizaron en las callejuelas y callejones de san cristóbal les seguían llamando chapita en febrero de 1934 se celebró en san cristóbal la convención nacional del partido dominicano la cual escogió a trujillo como candidato presidencial para un nuevo periodo 1934 1938 no me presento ante la opinión nacional cuando los programas y promesas puedo decir sencillamente que me doy por entero la patria como he sido y como soy al aceptar ser postulado por el partido dominicano para la presidencia la república en las elecciones del próximo 16 de mayo puede hacer revisión de mi pasado político para acreditarles y para aplastar mi nombre le basta con comparecer ante la concie ncia nacional para confiar me azúcar adictos porque no tengo no vengo en solicitantes sufragios sino a empeñar mi palabra en que continuaré entregado con toda la energía y capacidad a la obra de bien patio que he venido plasmando en términos de desmayos para el cuerpo el gran día sanas visión debajo se proclama la más de dos [ __ ] general es la voz realizan más cuidado pero el 16 de mayo de 1934 se efectuaron las elecciones nacionales con el partido dominicano como único participante y trujillo como único candidato las apariencias constitucionales quedaron cumplidas tres meses después el 16 de agosto se juramentó para un nuevo periodo llevando esta vez como vicepresidente a licenciado a cinto peinado en la lucha por la legitimidad no hay mejor aliado que la iglesia lo que comprendió trujillo desde antes de llegar al poder así cuando asume la presidencia de la república- puso entre sus objetivos inmediatos el obtener el respaldo de la iglesia católica a su gobierno para tal fin y toda una serie de medidas para favorecer la cndh entre ellas el otorgamiento de personería jurídica en abril de 1931 y la asignación de un subsidio para ayudarla a afrontar su crítica situación económica entre otras el respaldo de la iglesia no se hizo esperar en agosto de 1931 el arzobispo de santo domingo con el señor adolfo nouel le otorgó la orden jerosolimitana del santo sepulcro una de las primeras distinciones que le dieron al nuevo gobernante mientras monseñor nouel estuvo al frente del arzobispado de santo domingo la iglesia mantuvo muy buenas relaciones con trujillo pero cuando en 1932 el vaticano nombró al padre rafael castellano para dirigir el arzobispado la política de trujillo para con la iglesia sufrió un duro revés el padre castellanos era sacerdote altamente calificado y respetado un discípulo del arzobispo meriño un antiguo columnista de la respetada revista criterio católico y un conocido apologista de la dignidad y la autonomía de la iglesia era precisamente un hombre c omo éste no quería ver cómo el nuevo arzobispo trujillo aprovechó la primera oportunidad que le dio castellanos para poner al descubierto su actividad hacia el sacerdote en una revista cívica efectuada en santiago a principios de 1933 se celebró una misa y el padre castellanos incluyó una bendición para todas las autoridades públicas pero sin referirse expresamente a trujillo truquillo transformó la omisión en un gran incidente suspendió el subsidio a la iglesia y solicitó al vaticano la remoción de castellanos de su carne desconociendo a castellano se hizo al congreso a designar a monseñor alejandro novel como arzobispo vitalicio y asesora eclesiástico del gobierno asignándole además una pensión económica la muerte del padre castellanos en enero de 1934 despejó el camino para que trujillo llevara a cabo su estrategia con relación a la iglesia con la llegada del reverendo rick ando pittini al arzobispado de santo domingo en agosto de 1935 las relaciones de la iglesia católica con el ré gimen de trujillo se fortalecieron extraordinariamente el arzobispo pittini se convirtió en estrecho colaborador y militante defensor del régimen de trujillo multiplicándose durante su gestión las misas por la salud del jefe eran cuales llegarían a casi 400 por años la iglesia ofreció al régimen un arma psicológica formidable para someter espiritualmente a las masas de esta manera la aceptación pasiva de las miserias terrenales en espera de una recompensa anterior y celestial la sumisión de la razón y la fe a lo irracional la renuncia a toda autonomía personal y la exaltación del principio de la autoridad del estado encarnada en un jefe constituyeron un terrible instrumento de propaganda para adormecer a las masas y frenar su resistencia al régimen para mediados de su segundo período gubernamental las columnas que sustentaban el poder del jefe estaban sólidamente establecidas la fuerza de las armas a través de un ejército controlado personalmente por él el poder del dinero a través del control de los principales resortes financieros de la actividad económica del país la legitimidad que consiguió con muchas de sus acciones pero sobre todo con el respaldo de la iglesia católica y los intelectuales que le siguieron desde los inicios de su gobierno trujillo mostró una gran preocupación por haití y los haitianos residentes en nuestro país de 1930 1937 realizó cuatro viajes a haití y sostuvo igual número de encuentros con el presidente de ese país éste nivins el ies recíproco el que está visitando santo domingos en varias ocasiones el primero de estos encuentros lo sostuvieron en cabo haitiano en dajabón en octubre de 1933 en esta primera reunión trujillo y vincent acordaron reiniciar las negociaciones para la firma de un nuevo acuerdo fronterizo que revisar el de 1929 y estableciera los límites definitivos de la frontera dominico-haitiana y finalmente luego de intensas negociaciones en marzo de 1936 trujillo retornó a puerto príncipe y firmó junto a vincent el protocolo que puso fin a la disputa fronteriza y estableció los nuevos límites de la frontera dominico-haitiana durante uno de los discursos que pronunció para la ocasión y trujillo afirmó me enorgullezco en declarar ante mis conciudadanos y frente al mundo que una alta proporción de sangre africana corre por mis venas en 1935 según datos del censo de población de ese año residían en la república dominicana 52 mil 657 haitianos gran parte de los inmigrantes haitianos se habían establecido en la región norte del país próximo a la frontera con haití creando su propia base económica de sustentación que incluía modestas cantidades de tierras casas ganado y animales varios también se había desarrollado un activo comercio de productos diversos con los residentes al otro lado de la frontera resultado del cual la moneda haitiana llegó a circular regularmente en amplias zonas del territorio dominicano al margen de control es destacable la existencia de esta comunidad con autonomía económica estaba reñida con la estructura del poder trujillista ya que una de sus características era la centralización y control de toda la actividad política económica y social del país esta situación trujillo no podía tolerar la a finales de 1937 el acariciado proyecto de la intelectualidad trujillista de blanquear la raza la intolerancia de la dictadura que no podía permitir actividades reñidas con la estructura del poder dictatorial y la tradicional propensión de las tiranías a ensañarse contra las minorías confluyeron en la ejecución de una orden horrenda sangrienta y perversa y no y durante 12 días del 28 de septiembre al 8 de octubre fueron asesinados alrededor de 15.
