[Music] [Music] people's republic of china the world's second largest economy [Music] the world's most populous country with over 1. 4 billion people [Music] and the only surviving communist superpower [Music] its rise in growth has been a subject of both admiration and fear skepticism and suspicion [Music] in a matter of a generation communist china's romance with western-style capitalism brought about rapid transformation [Music] transformation that a diminutive dungeon ping talked out even as he created a political structure meant to outlive individual leaders 36 years after deng xiaoping institutionalized the two-term ceiling for presidency xi jinping allowed presidency for life with this xi jinping turned the ccp or the chinese communist party back to where it started a one-man institution [Music] over the years through the ten years or zhang jime and hujintha the ccp had perfected governance through collective decision making this preempted another mao like personality cult which had had disastrous consequences this arrangement worked for two decades till xi jinping toppled this delicate balance in 2012. the ccp machinery which is the largest political outfit in the world now plays second fiddle to one man's ambitions why does he want you know the third term um i think in the view of him and his supporters you need to have the same leadership in for a number of years in order to get things done uh the other view is that that to this is an egotistical dictator born in 1953 in beijing to a prominent revolutionary xi jong-chun he was five years of age when his father became the vice premier of china xi jinping's family like most elite chinese families faced the wrath of mao's red army during the cultural revolution that gripped china in the mid-1960s the revolution aimed to eliminate any capitalist tendencies in china and unleash widespread destruction of both property and people as she senior fell from grace overnight he went from being a vice premier and the first secretary general of the state council to a counter-revolutionary in 1962 xi jong-chun fell out of favor with gem and mao six years later as a fifteen-year-old teenager xi jinping was packed off to the coal mines of the shanxi province as a scent down youth it was said in shanji xi jinping had to feed pigs and even clear sewage his life was a far cry from the sheltered one he had lived till then but most elite china's families managed to send their children to regions where they had connections shanxi happened to be his father's old stronghold post the turmoil of the revolution xi jinping became redder than red but the party refused to embrace him not till he made a record 10 attempts to enroll and finally in january 1974 xi jinping became a full-time member of the ccp by this time his father had also been rehabilitated and secured plum posts after all she was a princeling which translated into privilege at crucial junctures in life and career these are the sons and daughters of powerful and influential chinese officials politicians and businessmen notwithstanding the victimization during the revolution xi jinping reaped benefits that came with his father's elevated political status [Music] prince links by virtue of their birth in prominent families are entitled to elite schools and colleges and later a launch pad into their chosen field usually politics or business and xi jinping got his fair share after the revolution she secured significant party positions incidentally his career graph coincided with his father's return to active politics in 1983 xi jinping became the secretary of zhending county in habe province five years later he served the secretary of the ning day district in the southern province of phukein where his father's connections once again came handy in 1994 she became the secretary of the fuchsia municipal party and governor of phukein province in 2001.
the following year he became the party chief of the economically vibrant xejiang it was here that xi jinping cultivated his image as a crusader for clean politics but national politics was nowhere on the radar till 2006. it was chennaly angus high profile fall as the party chief in shanghai that turned out to be xi jinping's big political break in 2006 chen was sacked for his role in the 4. 8 billion pension fund scandal that rocked chinese politics she was chosen to replace the disgraced leader overnight the 53-year-old became a contender for national politics since the party secretary of shanghai is an important position it's usually represented in the politburo and so in 2007 xi jinping became a member of the politburo standing committee he was one among the nine most powerful men running the world's most populous country until then the world's third largest economy cementing his political ascent xi jinping became the vice president the following year he was a compromised candidate for the presidential elections between the zhang jiamine faction that favored both chile and the hojintaa faction that wanted lee kachang after losing the past struggle to xi jinping li kachang later became the premier of china a largely ceremonial position with little to no pass the following year the power transition was complete on 14th of march 2013 xi jinping became the sixth leader of his country and the first to be born after the brutal civil war [Music] along the way he out-maneuvered rivals like bocillai who threatened to disturb the delicate balance between the party and the subjects in just six years xi jinping rose from political obscurity to become one of the most important world leaders for the world though she was still an enigma known more by his popular oprah singer wife than for his style of governance or administrative acumen [Music] preferring the company of fellow elite xi jinping's seven-member politburo in 2013 had four princelings this was one of the highest in china's history but for she leaders without a pedigree were the primary cause for the widespread corruption in the party apparatus this became the basis for the anti-corruption movement it was the largest crackdown since the tournament square protest 25 years back the communist party had announced the punishment of more than a hundred thousand officials on corruption charges some like you martin of hong kong's morning bell press were sentenced to a decade in prison on charges of smuggling seven cans of paint she's cracked down just like mouse perch was aimed at eliminating any present or future leadership challenge he came up on an internal issue corruption he used that as he was selected by others to come up with not question our election he was selected by others to come up but then he used corruption he had to clean it out because there was such a high level of corruption that if he didn't sort of read it the world communist party system would have come under pressure again like in 1989 but in the process it also enabled him to consolidate his position in the party ahead of his coronation as the general secretary as she cracked the whip on corrupt leaders reports surfaced about his own family's vast and deep business links the business empire of his sister chi chiao chow and brother-in-law deng jiao gui was built on a network of companies in real estate mining and infrastructure the companies were not directly linked to xi jinping but during his tenure as a member of the politburo standing committee between 2007 and 2011 the holding company of their businesses grew in assets from 2.
7 million dollars to 156 million dollars elitis xi jinping's clique comprised of several princelings like liu he the current vice premier liu yuan son of former president liu xiaoxi and wang jishan in charge of the all-important central commission on discipline and inspection that launched the anti-corruption campaign xi jinping's tenure has been marked by an unprecedented concentration of power in less than six months of coming to par she managed to get all the three top political prizes for himself the all-important general secretary of the communist party the commander of the armed forces and the title of the president on the contrary she's predecessor khujan tao faced an intense power struggle with jiangximeen who relinquished the presidency but retained the all-important chairmanship of the central military commission it took hojin tao 18 months of political maneuvering to get all the three titles incidentally deng xiaoping had followed a similar tactic he retained military control two years into the presidential term of his successor deng xiaoping who was never the president of china but was the paramount leader ran china from the shadows even during the 10 years of successive presidents for xi jinping there were no such parallel power centers as he presided over the world's largest political party he tightened his grip on every aspect of governance further elevate his stature xi jinping acquired or created as many as 10 titles for himself one of which was the core leader of china a title he got three years into his presidency in 2016. apart from the holy trinity of the party military and government xi jinping headed committees on foreign policy taiwan and the economy between 2014 and 2018 new bodies to oversee the internet government restructuring national security and military reform were formed all aimed at consolidating power there were important constitutional changes too while deng's contribution was reflected posthumously remains three represents and who jintao's scientific temper found mentioned only at the end of their terms but none were able to include their names as they immortalized their political positions in the constitution of people's republic of china xi jinping thought on socialism with chinese characteristics for a new era was included in the constitution on 11th of march 2018. with this move she became the first leader since mao zedong to be alive when his name was written in the constitution what sets xi jinping apart from the rest is that besides his thoughts even his actions have been included in the constitution the belt and road initiative which is xi jinping's pet project launched amidst much fanfare in indonesia and kazakhstan was included in the constitution on 24th of october 2017.
unable to repay existing chinese loans colombo sought assurances and concessions from china instead what it got was interest rates as high as 6. 3 percent for subsequent chinese loans this made repayment almost impossible and so in 2015 the human total port along with the 15 000 acres surrounding it fell into chinese ownership despite assurances of a civilian use chinese submarines docked at the hambantota port the incident occurred in 2015 when the then japanese prime minister shinzo abe was on an official visit to sri lanka [Applause] the bri marked an important pivot in china's geo-economic status meant to address the over-capacity of chinese firms after the 2008 stimulus it transformed into a vehicle for geopolitical clout in nations as far as venezuela which were america's backyard it allowed china to own its first overseas naval base in djibouti where china invested over 10 billion dollars in 2016 the chinese economic engine was firing on all cylinders in europe alone it pumped 35 billion euros and snapped up iconic companies like kuka and senjeta aeg the eu became hamstrung due to influx of large chinese funds in strategically located countries like hungary and italy under xi jinping's watch the chinese economy grew from 9. 5 trillion dollars in 2013 to 18 trillion dollars by 2021.
