today's modern borwell machines drill with High Press air which can drill up to a depth of 2500 M which is approximately 2 and 1/2 kilm the air pressure of its compressor will Amaze you with its 4500 PSI can you imagine how much this is you can guess from the fact that the tires of our vehicles are filled with air at a pressure of only 30 to 40 PSI the machine you are seeing is called down the- hole drilling rig which is called dth in short this bwell machine works just like the small drill machine in
our house but the drill bit used here is of a different type which operates on high-press air which is a very brilliant piece of engineering this machine basically has two separate mechanisms which work together one in the compressor which works to compress Air at high pressure and the other mechanism is the drilling rig which works to drill the bwell sometimes you will see the compressor and drill rig on the truck but the size of the compressor of heavy duty machines is very large so their compressor is kept on a separate truck actually most of the
time we are interested in seeing this drilling rig but here The Mastermind is the compressor which is loaded on the side truck here a heavy duty engine is installed which has a power of about 400 to 500 HP it depends on the drilling power of the machine if the machine can drill up to 1,000 M then the power of the engine will also will be less this engine can be of 12 cylinders which works just like the engine of our normal Vehicles the compressor is attached to the main shaft of the engine it is a
rotary screw type compressor this compressor has two rotors one male rotor and the other female rotor only the male rotor gets direct power from the engine there is an air filter before the compressor which pulls the air from outside side Inward and removes the dust particles available in the air later the air reaches near these rotors and these rotors are made in such a way that once the air gets trapped it is not allowed to go back and will be compressed in a small area in the front and by the time it reaches here the
air pressure will increase a lot but at the same time the temperature of the air also increases a lot so we need to cool it a little so there are powerful radiators here which work to cool down this High Press air after reducing the temperature of the air with the help of flexible pipe the air is sent to the control board of the drilling rig the pressure is managed from this control board and from here the highpressure air goes to the swivel mechanism swivel is a very important component which connects the high-press air to the
drill string and from here onwards the drilling starts but it is important to understand this mechanism a little here there are two air Motors on the side which work to rotate this entire string but drilling does not happen with this rotation it has some different work I'll tell you about it later these two Motors also work with air pressure whose mechanism we should understand the rotor of the motor is not in the center but a little offset from the center when high pressure air comes here force is applied on these blades due to which the
rotor starts rotating when it reaches here applying force on the air Blade the area becomes very large due to which the air pressure goes down and this low pressure of air is of no use to us so here the air is released from the hall on the side in this way the motor starts rotating continuously this motor looks small but its power is very high the main pipe is directly connected to the pipes of these strings from the control board in which extremely high pressure is sent that is why these pipes are made of strong
steel a drill bit is attached in front of these pipes which is actually a hammer and this Hammer can break away strong Stone which is a great engineering although this entire Hammer is made of high strength steel but only its front part comes in direct contact with the stone on which some such balls are attached and these balls are very long which are fitted properly in the hammer head this ball is made of a very strong metal called tungsten carbide due to which this ball gives a powerful stroke they can bear a lot of load
and friction also does not make much difference to them let us open the hammer and see what process is going on inside this is the main Hammer there is a ball in front of it there is a heavy piston behind the hammer which continuously strikes the hammer and an empty cylinder is attached on top of the Piston look you may get confused here so try to understand it properly there are two Chambers above and below the piston and we know very well that if there is high pressure on one side of the piston and low
pressure on the other side then the Piston will go from high pressure to the low pressure side for now look at the chamber below the Piston it is completely empty now first of all high pressure will come from the compressor the check wall will open and from here high pressure will go near the air distributor the air distributor will spread the air all around now the air comes out from the holes made on the top side of the cylinder and the air will enter the cylinder from the lower Hall through the cylinder now from inside
this cylinder the air will either go up or down because the cylinder will not let the air go from outside it is blocked from here now the air wants to go out but the Piston has blocked the air from here as well so then the air starts going up from this cylinder look here the chambers remain so for now the air will start filling up the Piston through these Chambers and it will apply force on the Piston from top to bottom now there is high pressure on the top of the piston and low pressure on
the bottom so the Piston will come down at speed and strike the Hammer as soon as the hammer strikes whatever air is in the upper chamber of the Piston will come out from under the hammer through a hole inside the Piston now the upper chamber is empty which means the Piston can come back up now this Gap in the chamber below the Piston will start filling with air downwards due to which the Piston will start rising up again and when the Piston comes to this position all the air that was in the chamber below the
Piston will be completely taken out from inside the hammer and again the air will start filling back in the upper chamber and again the Piston will go and strike the hammer so this process continues automatically and this work is so fast that this piston strikes 15500 to 2500 times in 1 minute which is called blows per minute and when this machine runs you'll hear the sound of a bell ringing immediately at high speed actually that sound is of this Hammer now when the hammer strikes the stone at such a high speed the stone starts getting
cut very finely but it is necessary to bring out this waste of the stone otherwise the hammer will get stuck so the air pressure that comes out after striking the hammer is very high so it brings up with it Stone pieces mud water whatever it gets when the bwell is completely drilled the Board needs to be cleaned and in this condition the hammer is stopped and the hammer will pass all the air from the side whose pressure is very high and this air brings everything with it while coming up now here comes the biggest challenge
this Hammer has a lot of power it can break any stone but sometimes the stone is so strong that the hammer is striking it regularly but the pipes installed above it are not able to pull weight on the hammer due to which the does not break so then this tower has a hydraulic pressure pump installed at the back and this pump is connected to this pulley it is connected to the mechanism and this pulley is connected to the rotating swivel due to which the direct pressure of the pump is applied on these pipes through the
swivel and the pressure of these pipes is applied on the hammer so whenever a strong Stone comes then actually this hydraulic pressure exerts more force on the hammer to break the stone and actually if I tell you this hydraulic pressure is applied to move the swivel mechanism up and down in today's modern dth there's no old rope and pulley system inside these machines to move the swivel up and down or to take these pipes out because here there is a very heavy load of these pipes so if we directly connect any engine through the gear
mechanism then it may fail so hydraulic pumps are installed here which are slow but extremely powerful now can you tell me why this string is rotating when there is no need to rotate it there is another reason behind this if we strike the stone at only one place even with a normal Hammer then the chances of it breaking are less so when the hammer rotates while striking it will be able to cut the stone properly and the bore well boore will be made in a round shape and the most important thing is that when the
drill is at a great depth the hammer can get stuck somewhere so rotation is very important for safety there is also robot arm attached on the side which automatically picks up these pipes and connects them to the swivel some hydraulic pumps are also attached to this robot arm apart from these there are many hydraulic pumps attached so a small engine is also installed here to operate all of them I hope this video will get good support from your side you can enjoy even better videos by visiting the channel thank you
